Simulation of the submerged energy nozzle-mold water model system using laser-optical and computational fluid dynamics methods |
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Authors: | Hans-Jürgen Odenthal Herbert Pfeifer Ina Lemanowicz Rainer Gorissen |
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Affiliation: | (1) the Institute for Industrial Furnaces and Heat Engineering in Metallurgy, RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;(2) SMS Demag AG, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany;(3) Vodafone TeleCommerce GmbH System Architecture, 40885 Ratingen, Germany |
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Abstract: | The present work describes quantitative digital particle image velocimetry measurements of a full-scale water model of a thin
slab mold. Different casting speeds and two submerged entry nozzles with one and two outlet ports have been investigated.
The flow pattern of the single-port nozzle shows a counterclockwise-rotating double vortex that is nearly steady-state but
leads to high stationary surface waves. The flow jets out of the two-port nozzle oscillate and produce a transient flow pattern
with low wave amplitudes. The amplitudes for the one-port nozzle show a linear variation with the volumetric flow rate. The
experimental results lead to a good interpretation of the flow phenomena and are used to validate steady-state numerical simulations
with the commercial program, CFX, on the basis of the Reynolds equations. To describe anisotropic turbulence effects, the
Reynolds stress model (RSM) is used for the flat single-port nozzle and the standard k-ɛ model for the mold flow. The calculated mean velocities and wave amplitudes, predicted from pressure distribution at the
water surface, are generally in the consensus of the experimental data.
An erratum to this article is available at . |
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