性激素及其受体在肝脏脂类代谢中的作用机制研究进展

肝脏是调节体内脂类代谢最重要的器官之一。肝脂肪变性是代谢综合征的主要表现,与脂类物质合成和分解之间的不平衡有关。脂肪肝的患病率存在性别和年龄差异,提示性激素在其中起着至关重要的作用。本文总结了目前有关雌激素和雄激素通过雌激素受体和雄激素受体来调控肝脏脂类代谢机制的文献。于雌性而言,雌二醇与雌激素受体结合降低肝脏脂肪生成及脂肪酸摄取,同时增强脂肪分解和胆固醇分泌。在雄性体内,睾丸激素通过雄激素受体减少脂肪生成并促进脂肪分解。这些研究结果表明,性激素及其受体可以作为预防肝脂肪变性的潜在靶标。

Research progress on the mechanism of sex hormones and their receptors in liver lipid metabolism

The liver is one of the most important organs which regulate lipid metabolism in the body.Hepatic steatosis is a major manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is associated with an imbalance between lipid synthesis and decomposition.There are gender and age differences in the prevalence of fatty liver,suggesting that sex hormones may play a crucial role.This review summarizes current literatures on the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism by sex hormones and their receptors.In females,estradiol binds to estrogen receptors to reduce liver fat production and fatty acid intake,while enhancing lipolysis and cholesterol secretion.In males,testosterone reduces adipogenesis and promotes fat breakdown through androgen receptors.These findings suggest that sex hormones and their receptors can serve as potential targets for preventing hepatic steatosis.