老年高血压危险因素分析与社区综合护理干预的效果研究

目的：分析发生老年高血压的危险因素，探讨社区综合护理干预对老年高血压患者生活质量的影响。方法选取社区57例老年原发性高血压患者为研究对象，分析发生老年高血压的危险因素，在社区对其实施综合护理干预6个月，对研究对象干预前后进行相关情况问卷调查及 SF-36生活质量表测评，研究患者的生活质量与社区综合护理干预的相关性。结果实施综合护理干预6个月后患者的治疗有效率（血压达标80.7%、血压有效87.7%、合理饮食82.5%、用药依从性87.7%、合理运动80.7%、抑郁症5.3%）与干预前（血压达标35.0%、血压有效43.9%、合理饮食52.6%、用药依从性45.6%、合理运动40.4%、抑郁症17.5%）比较差异有统计学意义（P 〈0.01）；患者的生活质量在 SF-36生活质量测评表上显示干预后比干预前明显提高（P 〈0.05）。结论社区综合护理干预可提高老年高血压患者的遵医依从性和修正或改变自身的不良生活习惯，是控制高血压的有效途径；社区综合护理干预可大大提高老年高血压的防治水平，从而进一步提高老年高血压患者的生活质量。

Risk factors of elderly hypertension and effects of community comprehensive nursing intervention

Objective To analyze the risk factors of elderly hypertension and investigate the effects of community comprehensive nursing intervention on the quality of life in elderly hypertension pa-tients. Methods A total of 57 elderly patients with primary hypertension in the community were selected as subjects for the risk factor analysis of elderly hypertension. Community comprehensive nursing inter-vention was performed for 6 months. Questionnaire survey and 36-item short form health survey（SF-36） were performed to investigate the correlation between patients’quality of life and the community compre-hensive nursing intervention. Results After 6 months of comprehensive nursing intervention,the effec-tive rate of treatment（blood pressure reaching the standard：80. 7% ;effectiveness on blood pressure：87. 7% ;reasonable diet：82. 5% ;drug compliance：87. 7% ;reasonable exercise：80. 7% ;depression：5. 3% ）for the patients was improved compared with that before the intervention（blood pressure reaching the standard：35. 0% ;effective on blood pressure：43. 9% ;reasonable diet：52. 6% ;drug compliance：45. 6% ;reasonable exercise：40. 4% ;depression：17. 5% ）,and the differences were significant（P 〈0. 01）. The SF-36 survey showed that patients’quality of life was significantly improved after interven-tion than before the intervention（P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Community comprehensive nursing interven-tion can improve the compliance of elderly hypertension patients and correct their unhealthy living habits, thus it is an effective approach to control the hypertension. Community comprehensive nursing interven-tion can greatly improve the prevention of elderly hypertension,further improve the quality of life in eld-erly hypertension patients.