中国不同省份籼稻地方品种的指纹图谱分析

【目的】通过对中国不同省份籼稻地方品种的SSR标记多样性分析,为中国籼稻地方品种的指纹图谱构建及其有效保护和利用提供理论依据。【方法】利用78对SSR引物,对中国14个省280份籼稻地方品种进行指纹图谱检测,分析不同省份籼稻地方品种间SSR标记遗传多样性差异、等位基因组成及其出现频率等。【结果】共检测到330个等位基因,每对引物等位基因数为2—12个,平均等位基因数为4.141个。RM336、RM334、RM264、RM297、RM204、RM248、RM444的等位基因数和有效等位基因数较多,分别在6和3以上,且遗传多样性指数较高,在1.4以上。78对SSR引物各等位基因的出现频率变异在0.18%—99.56%,RM338的A等位基因出现频率最高,RM131的E等位基因和RM276的F等位基因出现频率最低。RM338、RM308、RM484、RM29等44对SSR引物的某个等位基因在单个或多个省份籼稻地方品种中出现频率为100%。RM336、RM334、RM264、RM204、RM297、RM248、RM263、RM276、RM444、RM21、RM246和RM258等12对引物在多数省份中均表现为较高的遗传多样性。【结论】上述12对SSR引物适用于中国籼稻地方品种的指纹图谱构建。

Fingerprinting Analysis of Indica Rice Landraces from Different Provinces of China

【Objective】 The genetic diversity of indica rice landraces from different provinces of China was analysed to provide a genetic basis for construction of fingerprinting of indica rice landraces from China and its effective protection and utilization.【Method】 The fingerprinting map of 280 indica rice landraces from 14 provinces of China was constructed using 78 microsatellite markers distributing over the whole rice genome. The difference of genetic diversity, the composition and frequency of alleles of SSR markers for indica rice landraces from different provinces were analysed. 【Result】 The results indicated that a total of 330 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per pair of marker were ranged from 2 to 12 with the average alleles of 4.141. The number of alleles and effective number of alleles for RM336, RM334, RM264, RM297, RM204, RM248 and RM444 markers were more than 6 and 3, respectively, which showed higher genetic diversity indexes, were more than 1.4. The frequency of alleles detected by 78 SSR primers was ranged from 0.18% to 99.56%, and the A allele of RM338 showed the highest frequency, the E allele of RM131 and the F allele of RM276 showed the lowest frequency. Some alleles of 44 SSR primers such as RM338, RM308, RM484 and RM29, showed 100% frequency of appearance in indica rice landraces in most of the provinces. RM336, RM334, RM264, RM204, RM297, RM248, RM263, RM276, RM444, RM21, RM246 and RM258 showed higher genetic diversity in most of the provinces. 【Conclusion】 The above 12 pairs of primers are suitable for the fingerprinting construction of indica rice landraces in China.