兔胫骨截骨延长区愈合过程的病理学观察

目的 :探讨截骨延长区骨愈合的病理学特点和新骨形成规律。方法 :取健康兔 2 7只建立胫骨骨延长动物模型 ,分别于延长的第 0、1、3、5、10、15、2 0、30、40天处死动物 ,在延长区取材进行病理组织学观察 ,同时用抗骨形成蛋白 (BMP)单抗作免疫组化染色。结果 :延长前即出现血肿 ,延长第 1天血肿机化 ,第 3天出现新的血肿 ,第 5天软骨形成和新血肿机化 ,第 15天出现膜内成骨、纤维性成骨和软骨内成骨 ,第 2 0天延长区大部分被骨性骨痂取代 ,第 30天开始改建。免疫组化染色显示延长区纤维母细胞、骨母细胞和软骨细胞均不同程度表达BMP。结论 :延长区存在膜内成骨、纤维性成骨和软骨内成骨 3种方式 ,以软骨内成骨为主 ;内源性BMP参与了延长区愈合过程。

Pathological observation of osteogenesis of rabbit tibial lengthened-aera by osteotomy and physical distraction

Purpose To study pathological characteristics of osteogenesis of rabbit tibial lengthened area. Methods Twenty seven rabbits were used to make models of tibial lengthening by osteotomy and distraction. The rabbits were killed for morphological observation of tibial lengthened aera.Bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) was detected immunohistochdmically using monoclonal antibody against BMP. Results Haematoma was presented before distraction. On the first day after distraction haemotoma was organized by granulation tissues. New haemetoma was seen on the 3rd day. On the 5th day new haemotoma was organized and cartilage formed. On the 15th day intramembranous ossification, fibrous ossification and endochondral ossification was present. On the 20th day bone callus occupied the majority of lengthened area. On the 30th day reconstraction of callus began. It was showed different level expression of BMP in fibroblasts, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Conclusions (1) Intramembtanous ossification, fibrous ossification and endochondral ossification are involved in the process of osteogenesis of lengthened area and endochondral ossification is a main pattern. (2)Interal BMP takes part in the osteogenesis of lengthened area.