钌基Deacon催化剂的研究进展

大量副产氯化氢已成为制约众多涉氯行业发展的共性难题。催化氧化氯化氢制氯气,即Deacon过程,是一种实现工业副产氯化氢循环利用的可持续发展途径。钌基Deacon催化剂具有高活性和高稳定性的优异特点,并且已成功应用到工业过程。根据催化剂种类的不同将氯化氢氧化机理分为两种:以铜基催化剂为代表的种类为MarsvanKrevelen机理,以钌基催化剂为代表的种类遵循Langmuir-Hinshelwood机理。分析和总结出钌基Deacon催化剂是以RuO_2和金红石晶型的氧化物载体为基本组成,其结构是由RuO_2呈二维薄膜形态包覆在金红石晶型载体表面形成的核壳结构。详述改进型钌基催化剂在降低贵金属负载量和提高稳定性两个方面的研究进展,并展望未来降低Deacon催化剂成本的发展方向。

Research advance in Ru-based Deacon catalysts

A great deal of hydrogen chloride byproduct has become a common problem in chlorine-based chemical industry.Catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine, so-called Deacon process,is a sustainable route for recycling utilization of hydrogen chloride byproduct.Ru-based Deacon catalysts have the advantages of high activity and high stability,and have been successfully used in industry process.In this paper the reaction mechanisms of catalytic oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine was divided into two types according to the types of catalysts.One was Mars van Krevelen mechanism discovered from the catalyst similar as Cu-based catalysts and the other was Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism reported from the catalyst like Ru-based catalysts.Furthermore, the constitution and structure of Ru-based catalysts were analyzed and summarized,and it was concluded that Ru-based catalysts consisted of RuO₂ and rutile oxide support; and their structure was the two-dimensional thin RuO₂ film coated on the surface of the rutile support to form a kind of core-shell structure.The progress in the improved Ru-based catalysts was introduced in terms of lowering the loading amount of noble metal and enhancing the stability of the catalysts.The future development trend of cost reduction of Deacon catalysts was outlined.