砧用南瓜品种资源抗旱性鉴定

以14份砧用南瓜品种为材料,对发芽期(23%PEG-6000模拟干旱)和幼苗期(控制浇水量)进行干旱胁迫处理,采用非加权算术平均法(UPGMA)聚类分析方法分析各品种资源的抗旱性,并对适宜鉴定砧用南瓜抗旱性的形态指标进行筛选。通过测定发芽势、发芽率、活力指数、发芽指数、茎粗、株高、叶面积、鲜质量、干质量、干旱胁迫指数、壮苗指数等11个发芽期和幼苗期的性状指标,将14份砧用南瓜品种资源分为抗旱品种、较抗旱品种、干旱较敏感品种和干旱敏感品种4类。在发芽期和幼苗期均表现出较强抗旱性的品种为大维10号、佳合台木、金刚1号、昆仑、日本根力神、日本绿霸、日本强力士、神砧和胜利(白)等9个品种。种子相对发芽率、相对发芽势、相对发芽指数、相对活力指数以及相对株高可作为砧用南瓜品种抗旱性鉴定的可靠指标,相对干质量可作为砧用南瓜品种资源抗旱性鉴定的有益指标。综合分析14个品种的耐盐性、耐寒性、耐热性和抗旱性,发现日本绿霸和日本强力士的多重抗性较强,可作为黄瓜嫁接的优质砧木。

Identification for Drought Resistance of Rootstock-used Pumpkin Cultivars

In this experiment，14 rootstock-used pumpkin cultivars were taken as material．They were treated with drought condition at germination（ 23% PEG-6000） and seedling stages（control the amount of watering），respectively．Their drought resistance was analyzed by unweight pair-group method with arithmetic means（ UPGMA） cluster．Eleven property indexes，including germination potential，germination rate，vigor index，germination index at germination stage；stem thickness，plant height，leaf area，fresh weight，dry weight，drought injury index，sound seedling index at seedling stage，etc． were measured．The rootstock-used pumpkin cultivars could be divided into 4 types at germination stage and seedling stage．They were drought resistant，moderate drought resistant，moderate drought sensitive and drought sensitive．In both stages，higher drought resistant cultivars were 9，including‘ Dawei No.10’，‘Jiahetaimu’，‘Jingan No.1’，‘Kunlun’， ‘Ribengenlishen’，‘Ribenlyuba’，‘Ribenqianglishi’，‘Shenzhen’ and‘ Shengli（white）’．The relative germination rate，germination potential，germination index，vigor index，and plant height could be conducted as credible indexes for drought resistance identification．The relative dry weight could also be used as useful indicators for droght resistance identification．Through comprehensive analysis of these 14 cultivars in salt tolerance，cold tolerance，heat tolerance and drought resistance，it was found that‘ Ribenlyuba’ and‘ Ribenqianglishi’ showed strong multi-resistances，these 2 cultivars could be used as high-quality rootstocks in cucumber grafting.