呼吸面罩内压力变化对咽气道容积的影响

目的研究呼吸面罩内压力变化对咽气道容积的影响,比较阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者组和正常对照组咽气道各节段容积及单位压力容积变化异同。方法采用螺旋CT从鼻咽顶部到声门区域进行连续扫描,经多道睡眠图(polysomnography,PSG)监测确诊的OSAHS患者33例和正常对照30例;改变呼吸面罩压力,重复扫描过程,测量咽气道容积和单位压力容积变化,比较两组异同。结果OSAHS患者组的咽气道容积和软腭后区、悬雍垂后区咽气道单位压力容积变化小于正常对照组。结论该方法可以实现咽气道容积和单位压力容积变化的定量评估;咽气道解剖性狭窄和扩张程度降低是OSAHS发病的主要因素。

Effect of different respiratory mask pressure on upper airway volume

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of different respiratory mask pressure on the upper airway volume(UAV),and to compare the changes of UAV between patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)and normal adults. METHODS Thirty three patients with OSAHS and thirty normal adults were included in this study.CT scan evaluated the UAV from roof of nasopharynx to glottis.UAV under different respiratory mask pressure between patients with OSAHS and normal adults were compared.RESULTS Patients with OSAHS had less UAV,and changes of UAV per cmH_2O were significantly smaller in patients with OSAHS than normal adults.CONCLUSION The results suggest that the quantitative data of UAV and changes of UAV per cmH_2O can be obtained.Upper airway anatomic narrowing and reduced airway distensible degree are major etiological factors for OSAHS.