陆海BC4F3和BC4F4代主要农艺性状的相关和通径分析

为了更有效地对棉花农艺性状进行选择，缩短选择育种的年限，通过采用相关、偏相关、通径以及回归分析的方法，研究了陆海高代回交自交后代BC4F3和BC4F4群体的6个农艺性状间的关系。结果表明：铃重、衣分、铃数、果枝数、株高与单株皮棉产量呈极显著正相关，其中铃数是决定单株皮棉产量最主要的因素，在BC4F3和BC4F4代对单株皮棉产量的直接通径系数分别为0.6650、0.6689，其次是铃重和衣分，两者的贡献大小相当；果枝数和株高可以通过铃数对单株皮棉产量起较大的正向促进作用；最优回归方程显示，铃重、衣分、铃数和株高对单株皮棉产量有显著的正向影响。本研究明确了棉花产量育种的主攻方向，为提高棉花选择育种效率和实现高产提供理论指导。

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Main Agronomic Characters in BC4F3 and BC4F4 Generations from Gossypium hirsutum L.×Gossypium barbadense L.

In order to select the agronomic characters of cotton more efficiently and shorten the breeding term, correlation, partial correlation, path coefficient and regression analysis have been worked out for 6 agronomic characters in BC4F3 and BC4F4 generations from Gossypium hirsutum L.×Gossypium barbadense L.. The results showed that： there was very significant positive correlation （P0.01） between lint yield per plant and boll weight, lint percentage, bolls per plant, fruit branches per plant and plant height. Bolls per plant was the primary effect to the lint yield per plant with the direct path coefficient of 0.6650 and 0.6689 in BC4F3 and BC4F4 generations respectively, boll weight and lint percentage secondly. Fruit branches per plant and plant height had the promoting effect on lint yield per plant by bolls per plant. The regression analysis indicated that： boll weight, lint percentage, bolls per plant and plant height had significant positive effect on lint yield per plant, and the efficiency of selecting breeding could be improved by choosing these agronomic characters. This article clarified the main direction for yield breeding of cotton and provided reference for raising selective-breeding efficiency and realizing high yield of cotton.