孕妇外周血胎儿有核红细胞富集的孕周选择

目的 利用抗转铁蛋白受体（CD71）抗体和抗白细胞共同抗原（CD45）抗体双标法，检测不同孕周孕妇外周血中有核红细胞的比例，以期选择最佳孕周进行胎儿有核红细胞富集。方法 采用抗-CD71抗体和抗-CD45抗体双标法，应用流式细胞术（flow cytometry，FCM）检测81例不同孕周孕妇外周血中有核红细胞的比例，并与未孕组和脐血组进行对照。结果 孕7～34周孕妇外周血中CD71^＋／CD45^dim细胞的比例为（0．107土0．063）×10^-2，与未孕组和脐血组相比差异均有统计学意义；CD71^＋／CD45^dim细胞在外周血中的比例在孕17～18周达峰值，为（0．144土0．096）×10^-2。结论 不同孕周孕妇外周血有核红细胞比例不同，孕17～18周比例最高。利用母血循环中的胎儿有核红细胞进行产前诊断，其最佳时间可选择在妊娠17～18周。

Selection of Gestational Age in Maternal Peripheral Blood to Enrich Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells

Objective To compare mononuclear cells labeled by CD71 single-staining method with CD71 and CD45 double-staining one, and study the relationship between the proportion of fetal cells and gestational age. Methods Samples of peripheral blood in 81 women of 7～34 gestational weeks were collected. The proportion of NRBCs was detected by flow cytometry. The blood from nonparous women and the cord blood were compared as controls. Results Frequency of CD71^＋ and CD45^dim cells in maternal peripheral blood during 7～34 week＇s gestation was （0. 107± 0. 063）×10^-2. There were significant difference among the gravida and nonparous and newborn cord blood. Frequency of CD71^＋and CD45^dim cells was the highest at 17～18 week＇s gestation, （0. 144±0. 096）×10^-2. Conclusion Different frequencies of NRBCs were presented in womenrs peripheral blood of various gestational weeks. The frequency of NRBCs in peripheral blood of 17～18 gestational weeks is the highest. The best optimum time of prenatal diagnosisusing fetal cell in maternal blood is at the 17～18 week of gestation.