景观可持续性与景观可持续性科学

人类活动已经剧烈地改变了自然环境,全球气候变化、生物多样性丧失、环境污染等种种迹象表明当今世界正处在一个不可持续的运行轨迹上,实现可持续发展成为21世纪人类面临的巨大挑战。景观是理解与塑造人类社会和环境关系最具操作性的尺度,也是提供景观服务,实现人类福祉最重要的场所。景观可持续性研究对于人类具有重要意义。景观可持续性是指特定景观所具有的、能够长期而稳定地提供景观服务、维护和改善本区域人类福祉的综合能力。景观可持续性具有跨学科、多维度特征,强调景观弹性和可再生能力;景观服务是景观可持续性研究中的重要概念,它是连接自然资本与人类福祉的关键桥梁,也是将景观可持续性与景观生态学紧密联系在一起的纽带。格局-过程-设计新范式的产生是景观可持续性研究的新发展。在景观可持续性快速发展的同时,聚焦于景观和区域尺度的景观可持续性科学应运而生。景观可持续性科学以景观格局、景观服务、人类福祉三者之间的动态关系为主要研究内容,充分融合了景观生态学空间显示方法、可持续性指标体系和GISRS等方法技术,其理论框架和研究方法体系正在逐步形成和完善之中。景观可持续性科学是可持续性科学的重要组成部分,虽然处于刚刚起步阶段,它必将成为未来十多年可持续性科学的研究热点。

Landscape sustainability and landscape sustainability science

Human activities have drastically altered the natural environment. All the signs including global climate changes, biodiversity loss, and environmental pollution indicate that our world is on an unsustainable trajectory. Achieving sustainable development has become a huge challenge for humanity in the 21st century. Landscape is not only the most operational scale for understanding and shaping the relationship between human society and environment, but also the most important places for providing landscape services as well as achieving human well-being. Landscape Sustainability research is of great significance for humans. Landscape sustainability is defined as the capacity of a landscape to consistently provide long-term, landscape-specific ecosystem services essential for maintaining and improving human well-being. Landscape Sustainability has the characters of interdiscipline and multi-dimension, and emphasizes resilience and landscape regeneration. Landscape Services is an important concept in the Landscape Sustainability research. It is not only a key bridge between natural capital and human well-being, but also the closely linking bonds between landscape sustainability and landscape ecology. The new paradigm "pattern-process - design" produced a major breakthrough in Landscape Sustainability research. With the rapid development of Landscape Sustainability research, Landscape Sustainability Science comes into being, which is focusing on landscape and regional scale. The main research contents of Landscape Sustainability Science are the dynamic relationships among landscape pattern, landscape services, and human well-being. While Landscape Sustainability Science fully integrates spatially explicit methods and sustainability index system of landscape ecology, it also takes advantages of other technologies such as GIS and RS. Its theoretical framework and research methodology are being gradually formed and improved. Landscape Sustainability Science is one of the key components of Sustainability Science. Although in its initial stage, Landscape Sustainability Science will become one of the research hotspots of Sustainability Science in the coming decades.