HIV／AIDS感染者109例临床分析

目的分析HIV感染及AIDS患者的流行病学和临床特征，为临床早期诊治提供依据。方法对2003年1月-2007年5月在我院住院的109例抗-HIV初筛阳性患者进行回顾性分析。结果HIV女性感染者比例逐年上升，性接触传播占24．8％，血液传播占11．0％，静脉药瘾占8．3％。最常见的临床症状为发热（80．7％）、消瘦（56．0％）、咳嗽咳痰（33．9％）、腹泻（25，7％）和淋巴结肿大（21．1％）；最常见的临床机会性感染是肺部感染（49．5％）、乙型肝炎（22，9％）、带状疱疹（15．6％）、梅毒（14．7％）、丙型肝炎（13．8％）和口腔真菌感染（12．8％）。实验室检查78．0％患者淋巴细胞减少、68．8％低蛋白血症、35．8％白细胞减少、32．1％贫血。63例（57，8％）患者进行T细胞检查，CD4＋／CD8＋比值均小于1，其中62例患者CD4＋／CD8＋比值均小于0．5。结论109例HIV感染患者主要经性接触传播。HIV感染患者临床表现复杂，不具特异性，临床应提高认识，重视抗HIV血清试验检测。

Clinical analysis of 109 HIV/AIDS patients

Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HIV/ AIDS patients so as to provide evidence for early clinical management. Methods A total of 109 HIV/AIDS inpatients in West China Hospital from January 2003 to May 2007 were enrolled. Clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Results An obvious increasing trend of female HIV/ AIDS patients was found in recent years. Transmission route included sexual contact （24. 8% ）, blood （11.0% ） and intrave- nous drug abuse （8. 3%）. The most common symptom was fever （80. 7%）, followed by weight loss （56. 0%）, cough （33.9%）, diarrhea （25.7%） and lymphadenopathy （21.1%）. The most common opportunistic infection was pulmonary infection （49. 5%）, HBV infection （22.9%）, herpes zoster （15. 6%）, syphilis （14. 7%）, HCV infection （ 13. 8%）, and thrush （12, 8%）, Lymphocytopenia was found in 85 cases （78.0%） ; ALB〈35 g/L in 75 cases （68.8%） ; WBC〈4 × 10^9/L in 39 cases （35.8%） ; and HGB〈90 g/L in 35 cases （32, 1% ）. T cell assay data were available for only 63 cases （57. 8 % ）, The ratios of CIM ＋/CD8 ＋ were lower than 1. Ratio of CD4 ＋/CD8 ＋ was lower than 0. 5 in 62 of the 63 cases. Conclusions HIV/AIDS is infected sexually in majority of the 109 patients. AIDS symptoms were complicated and non-specific, Primary screening of HIV should be emphasized.