基于发动机活动的集装箱港作机械排放清单研究

随着我国集装箱港口吞吐量持续增长,港区大气污染物排放亦日益增加,港作机械等非道路移动源排放更逐渐成为公众关注的焦点。借鉴OFFROAD模型的基本方法,通过调查分析集装箱港区作业机械的保有量、活动水平和设备参数等,修正排放因子,采用"自下而上"基于集装箱港作机械发动机活动水平的动力法建立集装箱港作机械大气污染物排放清单。并以南京港龙潭集装箱港区(NPLC)为案例,构建排放清单。结果表明:2014年NPLC港作机械排放总量为PM_(10) 4.25 t、PM_(2.5) 3.91 t、NO_x 82.98 t、SO_x 1.06 t、CO 23.84 t和HC16.39 t;集装箱拖车为最大排放贡献源,NO_x为高值排放污染物;与港区其他排放源相比,港作机械为颗粒物质(PM)与碳氢化合物(HC)的最大排放源。相较NPLC 2013年基于燃油消耗的研究,基于活动的排放量较低。

On the air pollutant emission inventory of the cargo handling equipment based on the activities of the container delivery ports

This paper takes it as a research goal to develop an air pollutant emissions inventory of CHE from the container port with the basic method of OFFROAD model.It also aims at identifying and gaining more appropriate local emission factors in a bottom-up approach based on such items of information,as the investigation and analysis of CHE's holdings,the activity levels(e.g.the power consumption,the cumulative hours,the operation hours,the engine model year,etc.),as well as the equipment related parameters.Besides,it is also necessary to take into account the other related correction factors,e.g.the fuel consumption correction factor(to reflect the changes in the fuel features and properties that have experienced over time) and the dominant controling factors(to reflect the changes in fuel exhaust emission due to installation of emission reduction technologies not yet fully reflected in the original emission factors).In proceeding with our work,the paper takes Nanjing port Longtan container port(NPLC) as a sample case with its emission inventory established.The results of our study have shown that:in 2014,CHE of NPLC has emitted PM10 4.25 t,PM2.5 3.91 t,NOx 82.98 t,SOx 1.06 t,CO 23.84 t and HC 16.39 t,respectively.In addition,the container trailer should be regarded as the greatest emission source among all the CHE,to which NOx contributes the biggest part to the air pollution.As compared and contrast made with the corresponding study may include the port-related mobile source categories,the CHE can serve as the major sources of PM(51.86％ of the total),CO (41.29％ of the total)and HC(58.95％ of the total).Furthermore,in comparison with the previous research results based on the fuel consumption of NPLC in 2013,when we took the average fuel consumption factors and the information items of the fuel consumption offered by NPLC,the CHE's emission total has been worked out in this paper tends to become much lower.Since the main uncertainty source for the bottom-up approach we have taken based on the CHE activities,which is short of the domestic emission factors based on a large amount of the local CHE statistic data.Therefore,the method and main conclusions we have made here in the form of emissions inventory can only be expected to provide a support for the energy conservation and emission reduction goal of the country.