耐磨高熵合金制备工艺研究进展

耐磨高熵合金具有主元多、强度高、硬度大、磨损率低和耐高温等特征，应用前景广阔，是近几十年发展起来的一种新型耐磨材料。围绕耐磨高熵合金的主要制备工艺与耐磨性能的影响因素两方面，对近年来耐磨高熵合金的主要研究进展进行了综述。重点阐述了固、液、气态成型的耐磨高熵合金制备技术，总结了影响高熵合金耐磨性的因素，包括金属元素与非金属元素在内的多种元素对高熵合金耐磨性能的影响，说明了高熵合金及其碳氮化物涂层耐磨性能的研究进展。耐磨高熵合金的制备工艺较多，应根据合金形态成分的不同选择合适的制备方法;通过添加金属或非金属元素诱导硬质相析出仍是提高合金耐磨性能的主要手段;有些高熵合金或高熵合金涂层在高温、润滑等条件下也能够表现出优异的耐磨性能。

The Manufacture Processing and Recent Progress of Wear Resistant High-entropy Alloys

The wear-resistant high entropy alloys (HEAs) are novel wear-resistant materials developed in recent decades, which have many characteristics such as more principal components, high strength, high hardness, low wear rate and high temperature resistance. In this paper, the recent progress of wear-resistant HEAs is reviewed from two aspects:the preparation process of wear-resistant HEAs and the influencing factors of wear-resistant properties of HEAs, focusing on the preparation technology of wear-resistant HEAs formed from solid, liquid and gas states, as well as the factors affecting the wear-resistance of HEAs. Firstly, the influences of various elements, including metal and non-metal elements, on the wear-resistance of high entropy alloys are summarized. Secondly, the research progresses of wear resistance of high entropy alloy and its carbonitride coating are reviewed. Recent studies show that many processes are capable of the preparation for wear-resistant HEAs, and appropriate preparation methods should be selected according to the different morphology and composition of the HEAs. The precipitation of hard phase induced by the addition of metallic or nonmetallic elements is still the main means to improve the wear resistance of the HEAs. Some HEAs or HEA coatings can also show excellent wear resistance under high temperature, lubrication and other conditions.