红外标准辐亮度计的研制及定标

黑体参考光源辐亮度精度是决定红外遥感器绝对辐射定标精度的关键因素。为了提高黑体辐亮度测量精度，设计了一种直接测量黑体辐亮度的红外标准辐亮度计。描述了整个系统的光机设计方案和工作原理，利用高精度水浴黑体对辐亮度计进行定标。实验结果表明:辐亮度计的1 h非稳定性优于0.03%；测量黑体辐亮度不确定度达0.22%，相当于308 K时辐亮度温度不确定度73 mK。该标准辐亮度计具有系统级测量、高精度溯源等优点，可实现黑体辐亮度与实验室辐射标准之间的溯源。

Development and calibration of infrared standard radiometer

Accuracy of blackbodies' reference source radiance is one of the crucial factors that determine the accuracy of infrared sensor's absolute radiometric calibration. To improve the measurement accuracy of blackbodies' radiance, a infrared standard radiometer was developed to calibrate blackbodies' radiance directly. The principle and the opto-mechanical design of the instrument were described in detail, and the radiometer was calibrated against a high accuracy water-bath blackbody. The experimental results demonstrate that radiometer's instability is less than 0.03% with in one hour and the uncertainty is less than 0.22%. This corresponds to a brightness temperature uncertainty of 73 mK at 308 K. The radiometer possesses the advantages of system-level measurement and high-precision tracing standard, and by which the blackbodies' radiance can be traced to the radiant standard in lab.