吉林省农村居民食物摄入频率及摄人量调查

目的：调查吉林省农村居民食物摄人频率及摄入量，为今后在农村地区开展营养教育和营养改善工作提供科学依据。方法：采用多阶段分层随机抽样，在吉林省选取了674名农村居民作为调查对象，运用半定量食物频率法调查居民过去1年内各类食物摄入频率和摄人量。结果：吉林省农村居民膳食结构尚不合理，谷薯类、蔬菜类、水果类、蛋类摄入频率相对较高，畜禽肉类、鱼虾类、大豆类及奶制品摄人频率较低。谷薯类摄入量超过推荐标准，畜禽肉类、蛋类、大豆类摄入量基本达到标准，蔬菜类、水果类、鱼虾类、奶及奶制品摄人量均低于膳食宝塔推荐标准，且每类食物中各种食物摄人不均衡。结论：目前吉林省农村居民的膳食状况以谷薯类摄入过多、蔬菜水果类、鱼虾类、奶类摄入不足为主要问题，应针对性制定营养宣教方案，引导居民合理膳食。

Food frequency and intake of rural residents in Jilin province

Objective To investigate food frequency and intake of rural residents in J ilin province, and to offer the basis for exploring suitable nutritional education plan in rural areas. Methods A representative sample of 674 rural resi- dents was selected by a multistage sampling method from Jilin province. A validated semi--quantitative food--frequen- cy questionnaire was used to assess the usual food intake. Results The dietary pattern of rural residents in Jilin province was unreasonable. The food frequency of cereals, vegetables, fruits products, eggs was relatively high. The food frequen- cy of animal products, aquatic products, beans, milk and dairy products was low. Cereals intake was excessive of the recommended dietary pyramid. The intake of animal products, eggs and beans was enough. The intake of vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, milk and dairy products was low compared with the recommended dietary pyramid. And food was disproportional in each kind of food. Conclusions The main problem in dietary status of rural residents in Jilin province is too much intake of cereals and insufficient intake of vegetables, fruits, aquatic products and milk. The results indicate that rural residents should be directed by reasonable nutritional education.