水蒸气活化法制备长柄扁桃壳基介孔活性炭的研究

以沙漠治理树种长柄扁桃的种壳为原料，采用水蒸气活化法制得了介孔发达的活性炭，并研究了炭化温度、活化温度、活化时间、水蒸气用量对活性炭吸附性能及产率的影响。结果表明：在炭化温度600℃、活化温度850℃、活化时间60 min、水蒸气与炭化料的质量比为6：1的最佳工艺条件下，制得活性炭样品的产率为12%，碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别达到1 175和315 mg/g，介孔率为60.9%，比表面积为1 127 m²/g，平均孔径2.6 nm，在吸附平衡时间为24 h时，活性炭对水溶液中头孢氨苄的吸附量高达245 mg/g，优于相同条件下制得的椰壳和核桃壳活性炭的吸附能力。

Preparation of Mesoporous-activated Carbon from Amygdalus Pedunculata Shell by Steam Activation

Activated carbon with developed mesopore were prepared from Amygdalus pedunculata shell by steam activation at different technology condition. The effects of carbonization temperature, activation temperature, activation time and steam dosage on the adsorption properties and yield of resulting activated carbon were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal activated carbon was obtained at carbonization temperature 600℃, activation temperature 850℃, activation time 60 min and steam/carbide weight ratio 6:1, whose yield, iodine value, methylene blue value, mesopore ratio, BET surface area and average pore size were 12%, 1 175 mg/g, 315 mg/g, 60.9%, 1 127 m²/g and 2.6 nm, respectively. Besides, the results of adsorption experiment indicated that the activated carbon prepared at the optimal conditions was promising absorbent for cephalexin, the equilibrium adsorption capacity could reach 245 mg/g after 24 h, which was higher than that of coconut shell activated carbon and walnut shell activated carbon prepared under the same conditions.