围术期全麻药七氟烷对新生大鼠远期记忆损害和神经细胞焦亡的影响

目的 研究围术期吸入性全麻药七氟烷对新生大鼠海马神经细胞焦亡和认知功能的影响。方法 出生后7 d的SD大鼠随机分为对照组和实验组，同一环境下实验组暴露于2.8%七氟烷4 h，对照组暴露于空气中4 h,6 h后提取海马组织，western blot检测焦亡相关蛋白NLPR3、GSDMD、GSDMD-N、IL-18、IL-1β的表达变化（n=6）。另一批动物七氟烷或空气暴露处理后，与母鼠同窝继续饲养，30 d行旷场实验，33～34 d行条件恐惧性实验（n=10）。结果 与对照组相比，七氟烷组幼鼠海马组织焦亡相关蛋白NLPR3、GSDMD、GSDMD-N、IL-18、IL-1β表达显著上调（P<0.001）。七氟烷组动物在条件恐惧性实验中僵直时间比对照组明显缩短（P<0.001），旷场实验中总运动距离和中心区域时间七氟烷组与对照组差别无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 七氟烷暴露可以导致新生大鼠记忆能力障碍，其机制可能与诱导神经细胞焦亡有关。

Effects of perioperative general anesthetic sevoflurane on long-term memory impairment and neuronal pyroptosis in neonatal rats

Objective This paper investigates the effects of anesthetic sevoflurane on pyroptosis and cognitive function in the hippocampus of neonatal rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rat pups at postnatal day 7 were randomly assigned to a control group and an experimental group. Under same conditions, the experimental group was treated with 2.8% sevoflurane for 4 hours, while the control group was exposed to air for the same time. Hippocampal tissue was extracted after 6 h. Western blot was used to detect the change of NLPR3, GSDMD, GSDMD-N, IL-18, and IL-1β pyroptotic protein（n=6）. The other rats after exposure were kept with their mothers. The open field test was performed on postnatal days 30 and the fear conditioning test was performed on postnatal days 33-34 （n=10）. Results Compared with the control group, the pyroptotic protein of NLPR3, GSDMD, GSDMD-N, IL-1β, and IL-18 in hippocampal tissues of the experimental group significantly increased（P<0.001）, the fear conditioning test showed a decreased percentage（P<0.001） of freezing time, the open field test showed no difference（P>0.05）in locomotor activity by the total distance and time spent in the center. Conclusion The sevoflurane-induced long-term memory impairment in neonatal rats may be caused by pyroptotic neuron death.