云南迪庆金江木耳驯化栽培研究

云南省迪庆州香格里拉县金江镇打芝坝村仿野生黑木耳栽培技术极其原始,管理粗放,产量极低,但该种木耳口感细腻,品质极佳,价格高昂。为了提高产量,增加经济效益,研究组对该木耳进行了菌种分离（菌株YUCM510200）、鉴定,以及菌株的耐高温和栽培实验研究。研究结果显示,该木耳耐高温,出耳速度快,耳基致密,耳片为薄片型,菊花状,孕面呈灰黑色,背面有毛。产品外观、口味和仿野生栽培的木耳基本相同,只是在泡发时的香气较弱;生物学效率为每公斤干料产鲜木耳1300 g,以干品计为100 g。该品种由于耐高温能力强,在热带地区具有推广价值。

Domestication of Auricularia auricula Produced in Jinjiang Village in Diqing State of Yunnan Province

Auricularia auricula, called wood ear in China grown at Jinjiang village in Shangri-La County of Yunnan province, was cultivated extremely simple, extensive management with low yield, which was delicate and was sold in high price. In order to increase pro- duction and economic benefits, the colony （swain YUCM510200） was separated from the fruit body and was identified. The test of resist- ance to high temperature and cultivation experiment were done. The results showed that this strain was high temperature resistant, and the bud of wood ear was fast developed and formed compact. Wood ear piece was thin, and fruit body shape was mum. The inner surface was black, and the outer surface had fine hair. Appearance and taste of the Auricularia auricula cultivated was same to that of bionics wild cul- tivation, but weak fragrance was present when ear piece was washed in water. Biological efficiency of per 1 kg dry fresh material can pro- duce fresh 1 300 g or dry 1130 g. This variety with the high temperature resistant had the value of popularization in the tropics.