眼科1229例药品不良反应回顾性分析

目的分析眼科用药的药品不良反应(ADR)发生特点,为眼科临床合理用药和风险防范提供参考。方法抽取某眼科集团228家医院在2017年5月1日~2020年5月31日药事数据上报平台中的1229例门诊和住院患者发生的ADR,对给药途径、转归、临床表现以及发生ADR例数排名前10位药品进行评价分析。结果在1229例ADR的报告中,眼局部用药发生例数671例(54.6%),静脉给药366例(29.78%),口服152例(12.37%)等。发生ADR例数排名前10位药品中以荧光素钠注射液静脉注射ADR发生率最高,共266例(45.70%);滴眼液中以双氯芬钠滴眼ADR发生率最多,共79例(13.57%)。荧光素钠注射液、中药注射剂可引起过敏性休克等。结论眼局部用药可引起局部及全身ADR,应重视及关注荧光素钠注射液及中药注射剂引起的ADR,尤其是过敏性休克等严重ADR,并做好防治措施。

Retrospective Analysis of 1229 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions in Ophthalmology

Objective To analyze how adverse drug reactions(ADR)are caused by ophthalmological drugs in order to provide reference for rational use of drugs and risk prevention.Methods The ADR of 1299 patients in 228 hospitals of an eye group collected by the drug data reporting platform between May 2017 and May 2020 were retrieved.The top 10 drugs in terms of administration routes,outcomes,main clinical manifestations and the number of ADR cases were evaluated and analyzed.Results Among the 1229 cases of ADR,671(54.6%)were treated with topical drugs,366(29.78%)with intravenous drugs,and 152(12.37%)with oral drugs.Among the top ten types of drugs that caused ADR,intravenous injection of fluorescein sodium injection caused 266 cases(45.70%),and diclofenac sodium eye drops caused 79 cases(13.57%).Sodium fluorescein injection and traditional Chinese medicine injection could cause anaphylactic shock.Conclusion Eye local medication can cause local and systemic adverse reactions.Attention should be paid to the adverse reactions caused by fluorescein sodium injection and traditional Chinese medicine injection,especially severe adverse reactions such as anaphylactic shock.