北京市社区居民对新型冠状病毒肺炎知识的调查分析

目的 了解北京市社区居民的新型冠状病毒肺炎知识,探讨其影响因素,为突发公共卫生事件防控开展科普或培训提供线索和依据。 方法 采用横断面研究设计,于2020年3月15—24日使用自设问卷,对北京市8个区的2 626名社区居民进行线上调查。使用SPSS 19.0统计学软件进行数据统计分析。 结果 共回收问卷2 626份,有效问卷2 622份。社区居民的新型冠状病毒肺炎知识平均得分为(85.9±11.8)分。问卷分4个维度共35个条目,4个维度得分由高到低依次为:日常防护(94.1±11.9)分、隔离措施(91.3±10.4)分、临床表现和诊治(77.1±20.9)分、病原及流行病学(75.2±21.2)分。多元线性回归显示,年龄、文化程度和医护人员、性别是影响知识得分的因素,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。4个维度中不同条目的答对率分别为:日常防护知识答对率99.0%~56.7%;隔离措施答对率98.1%~58.1%;临床表现和诊治的答对率96.8%~44.9%;病原及流行病学的答对率97.4%~34.4%。 结论 北京市社区居民的新冠肺炎知识掌握较好,北京市科普工作成效显著,但病原及流行病学、临床表现及诊治方面的认识有待进一步加强。建议社区在利用信息技术开展基层防控工作时,准确分析解读疾病相关知识,制定具体计划,引导正确知识导向,在防控实施和健康教育上发挥更大作用。 

Investigation and analysis on the knowledge of novel coronavirus pneumonia among community residents in Beijing

Objective To investigate the knowledge status of novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) among community residents in Beijing, explore its influencing factors, and provide clues and evidences for popular science or training in public health emergency prevention and control. Methods Cross-sectional design, self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct the online survey of 2 626 residents in 8 districts of Beijing from March 15 to 24, 2020. SPSS software was used to data statistical analysis. Results A total of 2 626 questionnaires were collected and 2 622 were valid. The average score of NCP among community residents was(85.9±11.8). The questionnaire includes 4 dimensions, 35 items. The scores of the four dimensions from high to low were: daily protection(94.1±11.9), isolation measures(91.3±10.4), clinical manifestations and diagnosis and treatment(77.1±20.9), pathogen and epidemiology(75.2±21.2). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, education level, doctors and nurses, gender were the influential factors, the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.01). The correct answer rates of different items in the four dimensions were as follows: daily protection was 99.0%-56.7%, isolation measure was 98.1%-58.1%, clinical manifestations and diagnosis and treatment was 96.8%-44.9%, pathogen and epidemiology was 97.4%-34.4%. Conclusion The knowledge of NCP among community residents in Beijing is well mastered, and the work of popular science in Beijing has achieved remarkable results, but the knowledge of etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment needs to be further strengthened. It is suggested that using information technology to carry out prevention and control work, communities should accurately analyze and interpret knowledge, formulate specific plans, guide correct knowledge orientation, and play a greater role in prevention and health education.