3种海拔高度茶园中2种害虫与其天敌间的数量和空间关系

用灰色系统分析法和生态位分析法对安徽省潜山县高、中、低3种海拔茶园中2种主要害虫与其天敌在数量和空间上的相互关系进行研讨,经综合排序得出:低海拔茶园假眼小绿叶蝉的主要天敌是锥腹肖蛸、茶色新圆蛛和鞍型花蟹蛛,中海拔茶园为八点球腹蛛、锥腹肖蛸和鞍型花蟹蛛,高海拔茶园为锥腹肖蛸、茶色新圆蛛和草间小黒蛛。低海拔茶园柑橘粉虱的主要天敌是八点球腹蛛、茶色新圆蛛和异色瓢虫,中海拔茶园为鞍型花蟹蛛、八点球腹蛛和茶色新圆蛛,高海拔茶园为锥腹肖蛸、八点球腹蛛和斑管巢蛛。上述几种天敌与2种主要害虫在数量和空间上有显著的追随关系。不同海拔高度茶园中2种主要害虫的主要天敌种类存在差异。

Relationships between two species of insect pests and their natural enemies in tea gardens of three different altitudes

To conserve and utilize natural enemies for comprehensive control of insect pests in tea gardens, the quantity and space framework of the green leafhopper (Empoasca vitis Gothe), citrus whitefly (Dialeurodes citri Ashmead) and their natural enemies in three different altitudes in Qianshan area, Anhui province were systematically studied using grey system analysis and ecological niche analysis. The results showed that the greatest values of the correlation degree, spatial niche overlaps index and spatial niche proportional similarity of natural enemies for Empoasca vitis (Gothe), respectively, were Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell) (0.9144), Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell) (0.5985) and Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon) (1.5290) in low-altitude tea garden; Theridion octomaculatum (Boes.et Str.) (0.8644), Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon) (0.5143) and Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer) (0.1990) in mid-altitude tea garden; Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell) (0.9693), Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell) (0.6564) and Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer) (2.2027) in high-altitude tea garden; whilst for Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead), they were, respectively, Theridion octomaculatum (Boes.et Str.) (0.8809), Theridion octomaculatum (Boes.et Str.) (0.5143) and Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer) (0.6316) in low-altitude tea garden; Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon) (0.8832), Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon) (0.4222) and Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon) (0.6929) in mid-altitude tea garden; Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell) (0.9518), Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell) (0.4807) and Clubiona reichini (Schenker) (1.6661) in high-altitude tea garden. In addition, our results also indicated that Empoasca vitis (Gothe), Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead) and Erigonidium graminicolum (Sundrall) were aggregated distribution, while Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell) was random distribution in three altitudes tea gardens. The synthetic ranking results indicated that the orders of main natural enemies of Empoasca vitis (Gothe) in tea gardens of three different altitudes were, respectively, Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell), Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer), Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon) in low-altitude tea garden; Theridion octomaculatum (Boes. et Str.), Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell), Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon) in mid-altitude tea garden; Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell), Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer), Erigonidium graminicolum (Sundrall) in high-altitude tea garden. Whilst the orders of main natural enemies of Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead), respectively, were Theridion octomaculatum (Boes. et Str.), Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer), Harmonia anyridis (Pallas) in low-altitude tea garden; Xysticus ephippiatus (Simon), Theridion octomaculatum (Boes. et Str.), Neoscona theisi (Walckenaer) in mid-altitude tea garden; Tetragnatha maxillosa (Thorell), Theridion octomaculatum (Boes. et Str.), Clubiona reichini (Schenker) in high-altitude tea garden. The quantity and space framework of the natural enemies above, were closely related to those of the main insect pests. Furthermore, significant differences in the dominant natural enemy species also existed between Empoasca vitis and Dialeurodes citri in tea gardens of three different altitudes. These present results may provide an important foundation for further protecting natural enemies and optimizing control strategies of Empoasca vitis (Gothe) and Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead) in tea gardens.