颞下颌关节盘摘除术关节区组织病理学变化的实验研究

目的 建立兔颞下颌关节盘摘除术实验动物模型,研究关节盘摘除术早期,关节区组织形态学变化.方法 用10只新西兰大白兔,实验组8只行双侧关节盘摘除术;2只为正常对照组.术后1周、2周、4周、10周各处死2只,切取关节组织,进行组织病理学观察.结果 髁突及关节结节关节软骨连续性破坏,功能区关节软骨下骨组织直接暴露于关节腔内,非功能区则软骨细胞各层增生明显,表面纤维层增生变厚,呈现出纤维性粘连样改变.暴露在关节腔部分的骨组织表面致密,髓腔内的骨小梁吸收,伴微小囊肿形成.髁突关节软骨、骨组织及滑膜出现早期骨关节炎样改变.结论 兔关节盘摘除术后早期,关节区组织表现为骨关节炎样改变,不是适应性改变.

Histopathological changes in rabbit TMJs associated with experimentally induced disectomy

Objective To investigate the early histopathological changes in the rabbit temporomandibular joint (TMJ) following disectomy of the temporomandibular joint. Methods The bilateral joints of 8 New Zealand rabbits were subjected to surgical induction of disectomy. Four joints from two additional rabbits served as non-operated control. The TMJs of two rabbits from the 8 operated ones were removed en bloc 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 10 weeks after disectomy. Macroscopic and microscopic examination was performed on these joints. Results Histologic evaluation demonstrated that most of the operated joints showed marked destruction of the articular cartilage in the functional surface, while the articular cartilage in non-function surface exhibited cartilaginous hyperplasia, fibrous adhesion and even fragmentation. The surface of the bone that was exposed to the joint space exhibited dense ossification, and resorption of subchondral bone was also observed. The condyle and synovial membrane showed osteoarthritic changes. Conclusion Surgical induction of disectomy in the rabbit TMJ resulted in histopathological and radiological changes in TMJ region similar to osteoarthritis (OA). The disectomy joints showed ongoing degeneration rather than remodeling in the early stage.