矿产资源开发的战略环境评价研究

分析中国矿产资源开发战略环境评价(SEA)的必要性及不同类型矿产资源开发SEA的作用,提出矿产资源开发SEA的工作原则,在公共参与的基础上,建立包括社会、经济、资源、环境和人口5 部分内容的评价指标体系,确定适用于矿产资源开发SEA的评价方法与程序。中国矿产资源开发SEA,目前只能适用于规划范畴,并以矿产资源开发预测性SEA为主。

Study on Strategic Environmental Assessment in Exploitation of Mineral Resources

The study tries to set up a system to strategic environmental assessment(SEA) in exploitation of mineral resources based on the present situation of exploitation of mineral resources in China.By means of documentation and expert consultation,the necessary of SEA and the roles of different types of SEA in exploitation of mineral resources were analyzed.According to the natural and social economic character of mineral resources,the principle and index system of SEA in exploitation of mineral resources is set up.Based on the study of the objects and methods,the paper put forward the procedure of SEA in exploitation of mineral resources.The development and utilization of mineral resources have a conclusive role to the development of China.The environmental impact from the development and utilization of mineral resources is an important part of eco-environment problem in China.The impact of eco-environment and social economy should be considered in the plan of mineral resources development by the SEA of mineral resources development.And it is the request for the sustainable development of mineral resources.The SEA of mineral resources exploitation is the request of environmental impact assessment law.It is the technical uphold for building resources economic society,and is the important part of environmental friendly society.And it is the efficient way to realize the sustainable utilization of mineral resources.From the process of drafting the law,the SEAs of policy,legislation,standard and the national project of economy have not the social condition.According to the law,the SEA can be only applied to the plan at present in China.And the main type of SEA is forecasting SEA.The index system of SEA in exploitation of mineral resources should stand for the situation and change characteristic of exploitation strategy,social economy and eco-environment.Based on the public participation,the authors put forward the index system of SEA in exploitation of mineral resources that includes society,economy,resources,environment and population,and the methods and procedure are brought out.