输氯管线泄漏事故后果模拟

针对化工生产中常见的输氯管道破裂事故，选取典型案例，采用箱模型、高斯烟团扩散模型对其扩散的不同阶段进行模拟，并运用中毒事故后果模拟法确定事故影响范围及程度。结果表明：20kg的液氯瞬时泄漏，形成的重气云在下风向50m处转变为中性气云。下风向85m范围内为致死区，死亡率高达95%，人员暴露时间不得超过10min；下风向200m范围内为重伤区，死亡率达4%，人员暴露时间不得超过60min。该分析结果与事故的实际影响后果基本一致，表明选择合适扩散模型及相关参数，可较为准确地确定突发性泄漏事故的危险区域，对减灾救援具有一定的指导意义。

Simulation of accident consequences of liquefied chlorine pipeline leakage

According to typical liquefied chlorine pipeline leakage, which is common in chemical production, the diffusion processes in different stages were simulated by using the Box model and Gauss puff model respectively.At the same time, the hazard area and degrees of influence were determined by using the intoxication accident consequences simulation techniques.The results showed that if 20 kg of liquefied chlorine leaked instantaneously, the heavy gas formed would change to neutral gas at 50 m to the leeward side.The hazard area could be divided into death zone, severe injury zone, slight injury zone, and breathe-in reaction zone.The death zone extended as far as 85 m to the leeward side, in which the death rate could reach up to 95%, and the duration of exposure should not exceed 10 min.The severe injury zone extended as far as 200 m to the leeward side, in which the death rate was 4%, and the duration of exposure should not exceed 60 min.The results of the simulation were in agreement with the consequences of such an accident caused practically.Therefore, it is reliable to simulate the accident results of unexpected leakage by choosing a suitable diffusion model and correlation parameters, and it is very important for supervising disaster reduction and salvage.