永磁同步电动机定子铁心采用非晶与硅钢的性能对比

非晶合金具有高磁导率、低矫顽力、低损耗的优势,将其应用于电磁装置以提升性能成为当前的研究热点。针对非晶材料在高速电机中的效率提升已有许多研究,为研究较低转速下非晶材料对电机性能的影响,制作了两台电动汽车转向泵用1.5 kW永磁同步电动机,其中一台的定子铁心采用非晶材料,另一台采用普通硅钢材料。采用电磁场有限元法求解了两台电机在低速下的磁场分布、定子铁心损耗分布和效率。计算结果表明,非晶材料同样能够提升低速电机性能。然后在不同供电频率下进行了计算,结果表明:频率越高,非晶电机的效率高于硅钢电机越多。搭建了实验平台,测试结果表明,在100 Hz、1200 r/min时非晶合金电机效率比硅钢电机高1.4%,与仿真结果一致。

Performance comparison of amorphous and silicon steel used in stator core of permanent magnet synchronous motors

Amorphous alloy has the advantages of high permeability,low coercivity and low losses.In order to improve performance of electromagnetic devices,the application of amorphous alloy material has got extensive attention.Efficiency of high speed motor using amorphous alloy has been already proved.To investigate the effect of amorphous alloy on the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors at lower speed,two 1.5 kW motors used in electric vehicle steering pumps were made and compared.The stator core of one motor was made of amorphous alloy,and the other one was made of ordinary silicon steel.The electromagnetic field finite element method was used to solve the magnetic field distribution.The stator core loss and efficiency of two motors at different frequencies were compared.The calculation results prove that amorphous materials can also improve the performance of low-speed motors.Then the motors performance at different supply frequencies were calculated,which manifest that the amorphous motor has higher efficiency than silicon steel motor with the frequency increasing.The experimental platform was built,and the experiments results indicate that the efficiency of the motor with amorphous alloy increases by 1.40%at 100 Hz,which is consistent with the simulation result.