中日震后应急临时住宅建设与使用状况启示

实地考察和分析了汶川地震灾害现象,将震害按照建筑的类型、结构形式等进行了归类,指出建筑的不同结构形式、跨度以及粗糙的构造搭接方式等由于受力不均匀严重地影响了整体的刚性和抗震性能.不仅底框架结构以及简易的预制混凝土构件导致整体垮塌的现象严重,非承重体构件的震害也会造成较大的生命财产损失.通过调研日本震灾调查的体系和经验,认为建筑震害的研究应以系统全面的全数调查为依据,建立一定区域的建筑受灾程度的数据库,通过分门别类(结构类别、结构形式、层数等)的统计分析,导出针对性强的抗震性能与建筑类型、结构形式等的关系.

Application and construction of emergency temporary housing after earthquake in China and Japan

The application and construction(operation) system of emergency housing is focused.It gives a detailed analysis of the Japanese experiences and lessons in the big earthquakes like Hanshin-Awaji earthquake and Niigata-Chuetsu earthquake.In Hanshin-Awaji earthquake,the Japanese government played a major role and there was not a perfect emergent disaster relief system.Due to the unsuccessful forecast on the long-term use of the emergency shelters,there appeared serious problems of inefficiency construction,und...