2000年以来中外犯罪地理研究进展回顾与展望

以“Web of Science^TM核心合集”和CNKI核心文献库为数据源，运用CiteSpace软件进行文献计量分析，从发文时间、地区分布、学科分布、研究机构、关键词共现与高被引文献等方面，总结比较了2000年以来中外犯罪地理研究进展，并展望了未来的研究趋势。结果发现：1）国内外犯罪地理发文量整体呈现持续增长态势，美国发文量首位度明显。学科分布国外较为广泛，国内相对集中，且存在较大发展空间。研究机构之间的合作网络国外较强，国内机构联系较弱，后续研究力量正处于培育发展阶段。2）不同时期国内外研究关注的热点不同：国外侧重于暴力犯罪、恐怖主义犯罪、因种族歧视和性别歧视等引发的多类型犯罪研究，从微观到宏观，涉及地区、国家甚至全球层面；国内聚焦于城市社区“两抢一盗”犯罪、省域拐卖儿童犯罪和毒品犯罪等类型，微观和宏观并举，实证案例研究逐渐增多。3）随着多学科的交叉融合发展，国内外犯罪地理发展势头良好。犯罪分布模式、空间防控对策与犯罪风险模拟仍是当下较为活跃的研究议题，“3S”技术开发和大数据应用将成为犯罪地理研究的两条并行趋势线。未来需要以综合性思维审视犯罪地理环境，持续关注犯罪地理研究的潜在领域。同时，信息技术发展与计量模型应用为犯罪地理带来新契机，必须立足于当下国际社会环境，加强个人、组织和团体机构之间的研究合作，交流和分享经验成果，探索多样化的犯罪防控模式，并采取全球合作的方式应对区域所面临的犯罪挑战。

Review and Development of Crime Geography Studies in China and Abroad since 2000

Crime geography, as a new interdisciplinary subject in academia, has attracted extensive attention. Based on the "Web of Science^TM Core Collection" and CNKI data sources, this study clarifies the thematic structure and development of crime geography in China and abroad by using CiteSpace. Specifically, the study comparatively examines the progress of crime geography studies in China and abroad since 2000 and analyzes future development trends from the time of publication, regional and subject distribution, research institutions, and keyword co-occurrence. We hope that this work provides a relatively complete and objective understanding for innovative future research. The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020, a total of 841 articles were published in the Web of Science across three growth stages—slow, medium, and rapid—with the most of these articles come from USA. For the same period, 160 articles were published in CNKI across two stages—initial exploration and slow development—with a relatively slower growth rate. The subject categories were wide, and cooperation networks among research institutions were stronger abroad. The studies were mainly in the fields of criminology and penology geography, environmental sciences and ecology, urban studies, and social sciences. Domestic subjects were relatively concentrated, and institutional connections were weak. Follow-up research is still in developmental stages. Foreign countries experience various crimes, across micro and macro areas, including violence, terrorism, racial discrimination, and gender discrimination. Crime, criminology & geography, space, place, hot spots, routine activity, and neighborhood were the main keywords in foreign studies, forming three thematic modules: crime distribution patterns; crime prevention and control countermeasures; and crime theory and methodology. Research in China focused on robberies, snatching and theft, child trafficking, and drug crimes, including keywords such as crime geography, crime hotspots, crime mapping, and GIS. The number of empirical studies on this topic is increasing. With the increase in interdisciplinary integration, crime geography has undergone significant development. Crime distribution patterns, spatial prevention and control measures, and crime risk simulations are still popular topics. "3S" technology and big data applications will become two parallel lines in future crime geography research. In the future, we need to examine the geographical environment of crime comprehensively and pay close attention to potential fields within crime geography. The development of information technology and the application of econometric models have brought new opportunities for crime geography. We must strengthen research cooperation among individuals, organizations, and institutional groups, and exchange and share results and experiences based on the current international social environment. It is pertinent to explore diverse crime prevention and control models through a global cooperative approach to address crime challenges faced by different regions.