茶树油皮肤消毒液的毒理学安全性评价

目的研究茶树油皮肤消毒液反复使用对哺乳动物的毒性，为茶树油消毒剂的进一步开发利用提供理论依据。方法按照《消毒技术规范〉）（2002年版），采用大、小鼠急性经口毒性试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、家兔皮肤刺激性毒性试验和大鼠亚急性毒性试验，观察茶树油皮肤消毒液对实验动物的毒性作用。结果大、小鼠的急性经口毒性试验结果显示，茶树油皮肤消毒液的LD50均大于5000mg／kgBW，属实际无毒级；小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验结果为阴性，未发现该受试样品对体细胞有诱变作用；新西兰家兔的多次完整皮肤束B激实验结果，每只动物的平均积分小于0．5，属无刺激性；亚急性毒性试验，给药量在1000mg／kgBW以下，各剂量组与阴性对照组比较，大鼠的体重、脏体系数、血清生化指标及血常规无显著影响，脏器组织病理学检查未发现异常。结论在本实验条件下，茶树油皮肤消毒液毒性较低，刺激性小，将其开发成消毒剂具有广阔的前景。

Toxicological safety evaluation of the tea tree oil skin disinfectant.

Objective To evaluate the toxicity of a tea tree oil skin disinfectant. Methods Based on the 〈 Technical Standard for Disinfection〉（2002 Edition）, a tea tree oil skin disinfectant was determined with the acute oral toxicity test, the micronucleus test,the acute dermal irritation test, and the subacute toxicity test. Results The LDS0 of the skin disinfectant of tea tree oil for both rats and mice were more than 5000 mg/kg BW. The result of the mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes （PCE） micronucleus test was negative. In the dermal irritation tests,the tea tree oil showed no irritation on intact skins of rabbits. Compared with the control group,the results of body weight,organ c0egicient and laboratory examinations in different dosage groups （〈1000 mg/kg BW）showed no significant differences. No obvious pathological changes of various organs were observed in the tested animals. Conclusion Under this experimental condition, the toxicity of skin disinfectant of tea tree oil is low with mild irritation, Thus it shows a potential for development of a disinfectant.