鄂州市2012年手足口病流行特征与病原学检测分析

目的了解湖北省鄂州市2012年手足口病的流行病学和病原学特征，为有效预防和控制手足121病提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对鄂州市2012年手足口病流行特征和病原学检测结果进行分析。结果2012年鄂州市共报告手足口病病例2878例，重症病例15例，死亡2例，报告发病率为274．10／10万，死亡率0．19／10万，病死率0．69‰。春、夏季为高发季节。发病以4岁以下儿童为主，占90．24％。共检测82份病例样本，肠道病毒核酸通用阳性50份，总检出率为60．96％，其中EV71占42．00％，CoxA16占32．00％，其它肠道病毒占26．00％，EV71在1-6月检出率相对较高，CoxA16在4～6月检出率较高。结论应继续开展手足口病的流行病学和病原学监测工作，建议加大重点人群防控力度，以降低手足口病发病率和减少对公众健康造成的危害。

Prevalent features of hand-foot-mouth disease and detection of pathogens in Ezhou city in 2012

Objective To understand the prevalent features of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD）and detection of the pathogens in Ezhou city in 2012. Methods The prevalent features of HFMD and the results of pathogen detection in Ezhou in 2012 were analyzed. Results Totally 2 878 HFMD eases were detected in 2012 including 15 severe cases and 2 deaths. The reported incidence was 274.101100 000 with a mortality rate of 0.19/100 000 and a fatality of 0.69%. The peak seasons were spring and summer and most of the cases were infants under four years old made up 90.24%. Eighty-two samples were detected and 50 of them were positive with a total detection rate of 60.96% including EV71（42.00%）,CoxA16 （32.00%）and other entemvirus （26.00%）. detection rate of EV71 was high from January to June and that of CoxA16 was higher from April to June. Conclusions The infection rate of entemvirus is high in infants under age of four years and effective measures be taken to reduce the incidence of HFMD in this age group.