2010-2014年北京市朝阳区手足口病流行特征的聚类分析

目的 描述和分析2010-2014年北京市朝阳区手足口病流行特征,探索手足口病的防控重点。方法 利用“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”数据库,利用Excel 2013进行数据整理录入,运用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析。统计2010-2014年北京市朝阳区手足口病各月发病数,不同年龄组及不同地区发病率,采用系统聚类方法分别对其进行统计分析。 结果 2010-2014年北京市朝阳区共报告手足口病29 622例,5年平均发病率为167.8/10万。不同月份发病数、不同年龄组及不同地区的发病率均聚集成3类。北京市朝阳区手足口病发病具有明显的高发时间、高发人群和高发地区;每年5-7月为发病高峰,发病率最高年龄段为1~3岁,城乡结合部为高发地区。结论 北京市朝阳区手足口病流行具有明显的季节性、人群性和地区性;应针对流行特点采取防控措施;聚类分析可以作为判定手足口病流行特征的一种统计方法。

Cluster analysis on epidemiologic characteristic of hand-foot-mouth disease in Chaoyang district,Beijing

Objective To describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Beijing Chaoyang district from 2010 to 2014,and discuss the priority of its prevention and control. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of HFMD were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 procedure and entered into a computer using Excel 2013 program,which based on the database China information system for disease control and prevention,including the incident cases in a different month,the incident rate among different age groups and areas.Clustering method was performed to analyze these data. Results A total of 29622 cases of HFMD were reported in Beijing Chaoyang district from 2010 to 2014.The average incidence was 167.8/100,000 during 5 years.According to cluster analysis,incident cases in the different mouth,the incident rate among different age groups and areas were gathered into 3 categories.The epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Beijing Chaoyang district had obvious relationship peak mouth,prevalent population,and region.The incident rate was the highest in 1-3 age groups with a peak during May to July,and HFMD was highly epidemic in rural-urban fringe. Conclusion The epidemiologic characteristics of HFMD in Beijing Chaoyang district had an obvious relationship with the season,population and region.The prevention and control measures should be taken according to epidemiologic characteristics of HFMD.Cluster analysis could be used as a statistical method to distinguish the epidemiologic characteristics of the hand-foot-mouth disease.