磨料流微去除力学分析与可控因素影响

研究了磨料流抛光中磨粒微去除力学建模方法以及可控因素影响抛光效果的问题。以力为纽带,提出磨粒去除工件表面微凸材料的动力来源于三个方面--介质作用力、磨粒挤压载荷和磨粒冲击载荷。利用建立的力学模型,分析了磨料流加工的内在因素，其中可控因素包括：加工温度、加工压力、活塞的移动速度、磨料黏度、磨粒物理性质（如尺寸、硬度）等;研究了各可控影响因素与工件表面抛光质量及效率的关系;量化了可控因素的大小对磨粒作用在工件表面的力的影响程度;将磨粒作用在工件表面的力合成并分解为与活塞运动方向相同的轴向力和垂直于工件壁面的切向力，指出微去除效果随轴向力与径向力的比值改变而发生变化，设计出简易的测量轴向力和径向力的方案。用试验验证了所建模型和可控因素对抛光效果影响，以及工件表面的加工纹理方向直接影响工件表面粗糙度的减小率和材料去除率的正确性。

Micro-cutting of Driving Force and Controllable Influencing Factors in Abrasive Flow Machining

The driving force mode of micro-cutting and the controllable factors of polishing effects in abrasive flow machining were studied. The source of micro-cutting force contained medium force, squeezing load among gains and grain impact force  were presented and their force models were built. Controllable influencing factors contained process temperature, process pressure, piston velocity and medium viscosity, grain properties(such as size and hardness) and so on. The relation among controllable influencing factors and the polishing effects of surface roughness and material removing rate was studied by the physical quantity ‘force', and the effect extent on the workpiece surface were quantized by active grain force acting on workpiece surface. Active grain forces acting on workpiece surface were translated into axial force and radial force, the ratio of which would affect micro-cutting effect. The handy measuring equipment of axial force and radial force was proposed. The method of mode and research's validity were verified by experiments, it is found that the direction of processing track on workpiece will affect the final roughness and material removing rate severely.