基于矢量控制的永磁同步电机控制方法研究

永磁同步电机(permanent magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)是一个多变量、强耦合的控制对象,为了提高PMSM的控制精度,采用矢量控制对其进行解耦控制;首先,在三相静止坐标系下建立PMSM的数学模型,并根据幅值相等和总磁动势不变原则进行Clark、Park坐标变换,得到两相旋转坐标系下电机的数学模型;其次,深入研究电压空间矢量脉宽调制(Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation,SVPWM)技术,采用7段式调制方式进行脉宽调制,输出作用于逆变器的PWM波形实现PMSM高精度闭环控制;最后,基于MATLAB/Simulink建立PMSM控制系统的仿真模型,对矢量控制性能进行验证;仿真结果表明:矢量控制技术可以实现PMSM的高精度控制。

Research on the Method of PMSM Based on Vector Control

In this paper, the method of vector control was used to improve the precision of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control system which was a multi-variable and strongly coupling control system. Firstly, this paper established a mathematical model of PMSM under the three-phase stationary coordinate frame, and then the Clark and Park coordinate transformations are carried out according to the principle of equal amplitude and constant total magnetomotive force to obtain another model of PMSM in the two-phase rotating coordinate system. Secondly, the voltage space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology is deeply studied in this paper. In order to improve the accuracy of the closed-loop control of PMSM, the modulation method of seven segment was adopted to generate the PWM waveform which could act on the inverter. Finally, a simulation model of the PMSM control system is established in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the performance of vector control technology. And the results show that the high precision control of PMSM can be achieved by the vector control technology.