氨硼烷水解制氢催化剂载体的研究进展

氢由于具有高效率和高功率密度而被认为是一种出色的清洁能源。化学储氢材料要求具有高的氢储存量。氨硼烷具有高氢含量(19.6%),且在普通贮存条件下稳定,被认为是有吸引力的储氢材料之一。由于氨硼烷在常温下不易放氢,故放氢催化剂成为氨硼烷放氢研究的核心技术和主要方向。金属催化剂可以显著提高水解放氢速度,是影响氨硼烷水解放氢的关键因素,但是金属颗粒催化剂一般都存在颗粒粒径生长过快、易团聚等缺点。为了解决这一问题,研究者选择不同的载体来分散催化剂,使催化剂金属分散在载体表面,防止团聚和过快增长,从而暴露更多活性位点,使催化氨硼烷放氢速率更快。文章将针对不同催化剂载体对氨硼烷水解的催化效果进行阐述。

Progress in Catalyst Support for Hydrogen Generation of Ammonia Borane

Hydrogen is considered to be a clean energy source due to its high efficiency, power density and limited environmental impact. Chemical hydrogen storage materials require a high hydrogen storage capacity. Ammonia borane has been identified as an attractive candidate for hydrogen storage due to its high hydrogen content (19.6%) and stability under ordinary storage conditions. Catalyst is the core technology as ammonia borane is not easy to release hydrogen at room temperature without catalysts. Metal catalyst can significantly increase the rate of hydrolysis, which is the key factor affecting the hydrogen evolution of ammonia borane. However, metal catalyst particles are generally easy to become agglomerate and be oxidized. A variety of supporters have been chosen to disperse the catalyst, in order to leave more act positions on the catalysts which allows ammonia borane release hydrogen more quickly. Therefore, the catalytic effects of different catalyst supporters on hydrolysis of ammonia borane are discussed in this paper.