生态保护补偿制度的价值取向和立法选择

生态保护补偿制度从环境法学角度看,是通过制定合理、科学、可行的规则来激励人们的生态环境保护行为,协调其背后各方利益之间的关系,以实现保护生态环境、促进社会公平目的的制度。环境权与生存权、发展权都是人类同时追求的正当人权,但这些权利在现实中往往存在矛盾之处,有效解决环境权与生存权、发展权三者间的矛盾是生态保护补偿制度设立的根本动因,也是生态保护补偿制度在法理学意义上的价值归属。生态保护补偿制度的推进关键在立法,其立法可采取基本法与单行法并举的立法模式,尽快制定《生态保护补偿法》基本法和专门领域、专门类别的生态保护补偿单行法;立法内容上应明确生态保护补偿法律关系主体,确定生态保护补偿标准和方式,完善生态保护补偿的程序,规范生态保护补偿的监管。

The Value Orientation and Legislative Options of Ecological Protection Compensation System

Ecological protection compensation system, that is, by making reasonable, scientific and feasible rules to inspire people＇s protection behavior to ecological environment, coordinate the relationship between the interests of all sides behind it, in order to attain the goal of protecting ecological environment and promoting social justice system. Environmental right, the fight to survival and development are the legitimate human rights that human beings pursue at the same time, but in reality, contradictions often exist in these rights, so effectively solving the contradiction between the environmental right, the fight to survival and development is the fundamental factor and the value of jurisprudence of setting up ecological protection compensation system. The effective operation of a system requires the legal protection and support of the system. The key to the promotion of the ecological protection compensation system lies in its legislation. We can adopt the legislation mode that develop the basic law and special law simultaneously towards ecological protection and compensation system, formulate ＇ the Ecological Protection Compensation Law＇ and other special regulations of environmental proteetionas soon as possible. In the content of legislation, we should define the subjects of legal relation, compensation standard and compensation method of the ecological protection compensation.