几种缓释钾肥对烤烟钾含量及产量产值的影响?

采用农艺技术措施提高烤烟钾素含量是提高烤烟烟叶品质和产值的重要途径。通过缓释钾肥钾养分释放试验及大田肥效试验，研究了包膜硝酸钾、腐殖酸氯化钾、包膜腐殖酸氯化钾等缓释肥料的钾营养释放特征，以及对烤烟钾含量和产量、产值的影响。结果表明，标准条件下，上述3种缓释钾肥28 d钾养分累积释放率分别为67.2%、100%和87.5%，缓释能力以包膜硝酸钾肥最好。与常规钾肥相比，大田缓释钾肥处理的土壤速效钾含量在烤烟生长后期并未降低且有增加趋势，施用缓释钾肥提高烟叶钾含量13%～39%，烤烟产量6%～32%，产值7%～32%。缓释钾肥对提高烤烟钾含量及产量产值有重要作用，可以在生产上推广应用。

Effect of Slowly-released Potassium Fertilizers on Potassium Content and Yield of Flue-cured Tobacco

Agronomic measures can be adapted to increase plant K content, which is one of important strategies to improve the quality and output value of flue-cured tobacco. Experiments on K release and field crop response of slowly-released K fertilizers, i.e., PV Coated potassium nitrate, Humic matter coated potassium chloride, and PV and humic coated potassium chloride, were conducted to investigate the K release characteristics and their effects on yield and output value of tobacco. The results showed that the accumulative solubility rates of K of three slowly-released K fertilizers in 28 days under standard conditions were 67.2%, 100% and 87.5%, respectively, of which the performance of PV coated potassium nitrate was the best. The content of soil available K increased at late growth stage of plant treated with the slowly released fertilizers. Compared with the control (common K fertilizer), application of slowly-released potassium increased leaf K content by 13%-39%, yield by 7%-32%, and production value by 7%-32%. In conclusion, the slowly-released potassium fertilizers tested have positive effects on increasing K content and output value of tobacco, and has high potential in tobacco production.