环境温度对电动汽车充电负荷的影响分析

不同环境温度对电动汽车附加能耗、电池性能、行驶路况等影响显著，因而导致电动汽车充电需求的差异。分析环境温度对电动汽车充电负荷的影响，对深入研究充电负荷对电网的影响以及合理的充电设施规划等具有重要意义。提出考虑温度影响的电动汽车充电负荷计算方法，结合电动汽车平均续航里程、行车需求统计数据，采用蒙特卡洛模拟计算不同温度下多种类型电动汽车充电负荷。以广州市电动汽车充电负荷为例进行仿真计算，仿真结果表明环境温度对电动汽车充电负荷有显著影响，相较于常温天气，高温和低温天气条件下电动汽车充电负荷明显增加。不同类型电动汽车的充电负荷受环境温度影响程度不同，每日行驶里程更长的电动公交车充电负荷受环境温度影响更大。

Effect Analysis of Ambient Temperature on Electric Vehicle Charging Load

The ambient temperature has prominent impact on auxiliary power load， battery performance and traffic conditions of electric vehicles （EVs）， thus leading to different charging demands. Quantifying the influence of ambient temperature on charging demands is of great significance to analyze the impacts of EV charging on power grids and plan appropriate charging facilities， etc. A charging load calculation method considering temperature factor is proposed in this paper. The Monte Carlo simulation method is adopted to calculate the total charging load using the data of available range and driving demand of EVs. Taking Guangzhou city as example， simulation results show that EV charging load changes with different ambient temperature， and charging load at a higher or lower temperature day is much higher than at the normal day； charging load of different kinds of EVs are influenced by temperature to different extents and temperature has a more notable influence on electric buses which have a longer daily driving mileage.