基于RS与GIS的碳酸盐岩遥感影像特征研究——以黔南地区为例

文章利用Landsat8卫星影像数据，结合黔南碳酸盐岩岩性图、黔南构造要素图等地质资料，以石灰岩、白云岩以及石灰岩与白云岩互层三类岩组地层作为切入点，获取并分析了黔南地区碳酸盐岩的空间分布特征及其在遥感影像上的表现特征。结果发现:①石灰岩地层在影像上总体显示为色调单一、地形高差大，基本无水系和建设用地分布；白云岩地层在影像上总体表现为色调丰富、水系发育、建设用地分布多；石灰岩与白云岩互层地层总体影像特征介于二者之间。②分布于不同构造发育区域的碳酸盐岩岩组地层在遥感影像上的表现特征差异较大，即使是同种岩性的地层也会由于受到节理、断层、向斜和背斜等构造的影响形成形态各异的影像。 

Research on remote sensing image characteristics of carbonate rock based on RS and GIS: An example of southern Guizhou region

The purpose of this work is to obtain and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of carbonate rocks in the southern Guizhou area and their expressions on remote sensing images. The data used include the Landsat8 satellite image， a geological map of scale 1∶50 million， carbonate rock distribution map and tectonic map of the study area. The limestone， dolomite and limestone interbedded with dolomite are primary objects to observe. The results show that whether or not it is influenced by the structure， the limestone strata are generally characterized by single color， large topographic relief and non-river system and construction land distribution on the image. The image features of the dolomite strata are rich colors， well-developed rivers and more construction land. And the image features of limestone interbedded with dolomite strata are between the limestone and dolomite strata. Structural styles， such as joints， faults， and anticlines， have great influence on the characteristics of the remote sensing image of carbonate rocks， resulting in quite different feature seen on remote sensing images.