ABS/PA6合金的无卤膨胀性阻燃研究

以聚磷酸铵(APP)为酸源, 利用ABS/PA6合金中PA6为炭源对ABS/PA6合金进行膨胀型阻燃研究,探讨了不同成炭协效剂与APP复配对合金阻燃性能的影响,这些成炭协效剂包括季戊四醇笼状磷酸酯(PEPA),热塑性酚醛树脂(TPPFR),环氧树脂(E-44)和分子筛4A. 结果表明,PA6具有较好的成炭作用, 当APP含量为25%时,阻燃合金体系的极限氧指数可达29,UL-94测定达V-1级别,APP含量为35%时,UL-94测定达V-0级别.而以5t%的季戊四醇笼状磷酸酯(PEPA)或环氧树脂(E-44)与20%APP复配, 或以3%分子筛4A与22%APP复配都可以大大提高体系的阻燃性能和高温下的残炭量, 使阻燃体系氧指数达到30以上, UL-94测定达V-0级别. SEM形貌分析显示体系燃烧表面都形成了膨胀、均匀、致密的炭层结构.

Study on the Effect of Flame Retardation Based on the Halogen-free Intumescent Flame Retardant for ABS/PA6 Alloy

The effect of the intumescent flame retardant system on ABS/PA6(80/20) alloys was studied.The system was comprised polyammonium phosphate(APP) for acid sources and PA6 in ABS/PA6 alloys for carbon sources.The different effects of various synergistic charring agents on the flame retardancy of the ABS/PA6 alloys were investigated,including pentaerythritol caged phosphate(PEPA),thermoplastic phenolic resin(TPPFR),epoxy resin(E-44) and Zeolite 4A.The results show that the PA6 has be effective as charring reagent,When the content of APP was 25%,the limiting oxygen index(LOI) value of ABS/PA6/APP was found to be 29 and class V-1 of UL-94 test was passed.When the content of APP was 35%,class V-0 of UL-94 test was passed.The ABS/PA6 alloys shows a much better flame retardancy and charring performance when the mass ratio of ABS/PA6/APP/PEPA or APP/E-44 is 60/15/20/5,or ABS/PA6/APP/Zeolite 4A is 60/15/22/3.The LOI value of the ABS/PA6/APP/PEPA(or E-44 or Zeolite 4A) were found to exceed 30 and class V-0 of UL-94 test were passed.The expansion,uniform,and dense carbon layer formed on the surface of the complex after burning was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).