3890例航天工作者明尼苏达多项人格测试结果与分析

目的了解航天工作者的人格特征,分析不同因素对人格测试结果的影响,探讨引发航天工作者心理健康问题的原因,为预防和解决心理健康问题提供科学的依据。方法采用自编一般情况调查表和明尼苏达多项人格测验(MMPI),对在北京工作的4 000例航天工作者进行测试,共回收有效问卷3 890份,回收率达97.3%。分成不同性别组、不同职业组和不同工作环境组,对各组的MMPI临床量表评分进行比较。结果①MMPI临床量表中癔症(Hy)评分人数最多,为1 199例(30.8%);②男性Hy评分较女性高(P<0.01)。而精神分裂症(Sc)评分和社会内向(Si)评分较女性低(均P<0.01);③从事人事管理的人员的Hy评分高于科研开发、质量控制、机械安装职业(P<0.05或<0.01),而从事人事管理的人员Sc评分低于科研开发、质量控制、机械安装和后勤保障组(P<0.05或<0.01),人事管理人员Si评分低于科研开发、质量控制、机械安装职业(P<0.05),机械安装Si评分高于科技研发和人事管理(均P<0.01);④有毒有害原料组Hy评分高于微波组、噪声组和粉尘组(P<0.05或<0.01),粉尘组Hy评分低于微波组和噪声组(均P<0.05);有毒有害原料组Sc评分高于微波组、噪声组和粉尘组(P<0.05),粉尘组低于微波组和噪声组(P<0.05);有毒有害原料组神经衰弱量表(Pt)评分低于微波组、噪声组和粉尘组(P<0.05或<0.01),粉尘组高于微波组,低于噪声组(均P<0.05)。结论航天工作者心理健康问题主要表现为过多关注身体健康状态,偏焦虑倾向,不同的职业分层对人格状态存在一定影响。

Analysis and research on result of Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory among 3 890 aerospace workers

Objective To know the aerospace workers＇ personality traits and analyze the different factors on the effect of the personality test.To prevent and solve the health problems and provide scientific basis.Methods 4 000 aerospace workers were examined by self-edited questionnaire and the Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory（MMPI）.3 890 effective questionnaires（97%） were collected and their results were analyzed.The subjects were grouped according to different genders,occupations,environments,and MMPI clinical scores among different groups were compared.Results ①Hysteria（Hy） scale showed higher positive subjects,up to 1 199（30.8%）,which can fully reflect the personality of psychological problems.②Compared with females,the males were higher in T scores in Hy scale（P0.01）,and male populations were fewer in schizophrenia（Sc） and social introverted（Si） scale,（all P0.01）.③Hy T scores of personnels engaged in personnel management were significantly higher than those of personnels engaged in sci-tech development,quality control,machine installation（P0.05 or 0.01）.But in Sc score,personnels engaged in personnel management were significantly lower than those engaged in sci-tech development,quality control,machine installation and rear service（P0.05 or 0.01）.Personnel management got lower scores than sci-tech development,quality control and mechanical installation profession（P0.05） in Si.Mechanical installation in Si scored higher than sci-tech development and personnel management（P0.01）.④In Hy,harmful materials group scored higher than the microwave,noise,and dust group（P0.05 or 0.01）,dust group scored less than the microwave group and noise group（P0.05）;In Sc,toxic or harmful materials group scored higher than the noise and dust and microwave group（P0.05）,dust group less than microwave and noise group（P0.05）.Harmful material group in Pt score was lower than microwave and dust noise group（P0.05 or 0.01）,and the dust was lower than the noise of group（P0.05）.Conclusion Outstanding performance in aerospace workers mental health problems is too much concentration on the body health,there exists anxiety tendency,different professional stratification has effect on the characteristics of personality in varying degrees.