关于西方科学主义和人文主义教育管理观的探讨

科学主义的教育管理观以“实证主义”哲学为基础,关注组织结构而忽视组织中的人,对人只强调人的理性因素而忽视人的非理性因素,在人的理性因素中注重人的认知理性而忽视价值理性。人文主义的教育管理观以“主观主义”的哲学为基础,关注组织中人的因素,注重人的价值理性而忽视人的认知理性。这两种教育管理观还不是真正科学意义上的教育管理观。科学意义上的教育管理观是以马克思主义哲学为基础的主体教育管理观。这是因为马克思主义哲学是一种实践的哲学,组织与组织中的人、人的理性因素和非理性因素以及认知理性和价值理性等能在人的主体的实践活动中达到相对统一。

Study of the Educational Management View of Western Scienticism and Humanism

The educational management view based on positivism pays attention to the structure, but ignores the persons in it. And it only stresses man's rationality but overlooks his irrationality, and as far as rationality is concerned, it is cognitive rationality but not value rationality is emphasized. The educational management view of humanism based on subjectivism concerns the persons in the structure and attaches importance to man's value rationality but not cognitive rationality. The two educational management views are not really scientific. The scientific educational management view should be the subjective educational management view based on the Marxist philosophy. This is because the Marxist philosophy is a kind of practical philosophy. The structure and the persons in it, man's rationality and irrationality, cognitive and value rationality can come to a relative agreement in man's practical activities.