长江经济带城市生态环境协同发展能力评价

生态优先、绿色发展是长江经济带国家战略的核心要求,城市生态协同发展是落实"共抓大保护、不搞大开发"的关键。城市生态协同发展主要体现为特定地方对全流域生态环境质量的贡献度,体现了特定地方对流域性生态公共物品和服务的供给能力。长江经济带110个地级以上城市生态环境协同发展能力差异悬殊。协同发展水平较高的城市主要集中在经济发展水平较高、能耗和污染排放较少的城市以及经济发展水平不高、工业污染较少的城市。而生态协同发展能力较差的城市多集中在那些能耗和污染严重的地区。这些城市形成了三大一级城市群和八大二级城市子群的空间分异格局。该格局表明,区域经济发展水平与生态协同发展能力之间在现阶段并非存在着严格的对应关系。长江经济带生态协同发展需要切实体现一体化治理(流域性)、中央集中性治理(国家战略性)和经济、社会、生态、环境统筹性治理(复合地域生态系统)三大内在需求。从长江流域整个生态系统恢复与地方生态环境保护的分工协作入手,处理好中央与地方政府在流域生态环境治理中的责权利关系,实现上下游之间、中央与地方政府之间在生态环境治理实践中的战略协同。

Evaluation on Coordinated Development Ability of Urban Ecological Environment in the Yangtze River Economic Zone

Urban ecological coordinated development is the key to implement the national strategy of Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), which mainly reflects the contribution of the particular location to the whole river basin ecological environment quality, reflecting the supply capacity of the watershed ecological public goods and services. There have great disparities among 110 cities in YREB for the coordinated development capacity of urban ecological environment. Cities with high level of coordinated development capabilities include such two types as cities with higher level of economic development but less energy consumption and less pollution, low economic development level and less industrial pollution. However, cities with poor ecological coordinated development are mainly concentrated in areas where energy consumption and pollution are serious. Furthermore, these 110 cities form the spatial differentiation pattern of the 3 major urban agglomerations and the 8 second level urban sub groups. The pattern shows that there is not a strict corresponding relationship between the level of regional economic development and the ability of ecological synergy development at the present stage. To achieve ecocoordinated development in YREB needs to embody three internal demands, which include the integration of governance (nature of basin), centralized governance (inherence of national strategy) and economic, social, ecological and environmental overall governance (comprehensive regional ecosystem). Starting from the division and cooperation for eco-environment protection of the whole YREB and local cities, putting the relationship between responsibility and rights in order to realize the strategic coordination in practice of eco-environment governance by central and local governments.