静电场结合自发气调包装对马铃薯贮藏期间的保鲜效果

以延长马铃薯的货架期并保持其品质为目的，选用阻隔性材料聚乳酸（polylactic acid，PLLA）薄膜对采后新鲜马铃薯进行自发气调包装，设置无包装的空白组为对照，以低温冷藏为前提（均设置4 ℃、85%相对湿度），分别置于电场和无电场两组环境贮藏，测定贮藏过程中气体组分、感官评分、质量损失率、a*值、干物质质量分数、可溶性固形物质量分数、淀粉质量分数及VC含量。结果表明：静电场可以显著抑制马铃薯表皮变绿及发芽；PLLA自发气调包装可形成一个相对高CO2体积分数（4.2%～8.0%）和低O2体积分数（7.7%～12.3%）的气体组分；综合了静电场保鲜与自发气调包装的静电场-气调组保鲜效果最佳，该组水分、感官品质保持最好，各项营养成分损失较慢，贮藏150 d仍具有食用价值。因此，静电场和自发气调包装联合处理有利于马铃薯的保鲜贮藏。

Electrostatic Field Combined with Equilibrium Modified Atmosphere Packaging for the Preservation of Potatoes

Electrostatic field treatment combined with equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging (EMAP) was studied as a potential method for extending the shelf-life of potatoes. Potatoes were packaged in EMAP using polylactic acid (PLLA) composite membrane whereas unpackaged potatoes served as the control. All potatoes were refrigerated at 4 ℃ and 85% relative humidity either with or without an electrostatic field. The sensory quality, gas composition, mass loss rate, a* value, dry matter content, total soluble solids content, starch content and VC content were evaluated after 0 to 150 days of storage. Results indicated that electrostatic field could significantly protect potatoes against greenish skins (P < 0.05）and sprout. The gas composition of high CO2 concentration (4.2%–8.0%) and low O2 concentration (7.7%–12.3%) was formed by EMAP in PLLA membrane. Electrostatic field combined with EMAP revealed the best preservation. The potatoes could still be eaten at the end of the storage period of about 150 days; the sensory score was the highest, the mass loss rate was the lowest, and the nutrients were maintained better. Therefore, the combaination of electrostatic field and modified atmosphere packaging are beneficial to the storage and preservation of potatoes.