2017-2019年云南省血吸虫病国家级监测点疫情分析

目的 分析 2017-2019 年云南省血吸虫病国家级监测点疫情,为制订血吸虫病防控措施提供科学依据。 方法 在全省 18 个血吸虫病流行县各设立 1 个国家级监测点,开展基本情况调查以及流动人群、家畜和钉螺感染情况监测,在 13个监测点开展本地人群监测,在 7 个监测点开展野粪感染情况监测。 结果 2017-2019 年,云南省血吸虫病国家级监测点本地人群血检阳性率为 6. 40%,流动人群血检阳性率为 0. 92%。 血检阳性者粪检均未发现阳性。共调查家畜 6 070 头次,未发现病畜。 共检测 2 150 份野粪,未查到阳性。 监测钉螺面积 5 675. 58 hm²,查出有螺面积 199. 12 hm²,有螺框出现率为 0. 54% ~ 0. 73%,活螺平均密度为 0. 017 2~ 0. 031 3 只 / 0. 1 m²,未发现感染性钉螺。 结论 云南省血吸虫病疫情总体得到有效控制,未查到病人、病畜和感染性钉螺,有螺面积处于较低水平。 今后应重点加强输入性传染源的防控,建立更加敏感的监测体系,继续加强以传染源和钉螺控制并重的综合性防控措施。

Analysis of schistosomiasis endemic situation of national surveillance sites in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2019

Objective To analyze the dynamic and endemic status of schistosomiasis in at national surveillance sites in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2019 so as to provide scientific evidences for planning prevention and control measures.  Methods Individual national surveillance site was respectively set up in 18 counties with schistosomiasis prevalence across the province. Survey and surveillance were carried out on the basic information and infection status in floating population, livestock and Oncomelania hupensis snails, 13 sites and 7 sites were weighed to undergo surveillance on the infection status in local residents and wild feces,respecitively. Results Between 2017 and 2019, the serum positive rate was respectively 6. 40% and 0. 92% for local residents and floating population in the surveillance sites in Yunnan, yet no positive case was found by stool test confirmation in the subjects with serum positive findings. Survey of a total of 6 070 livestock and 2 150 aliquots of wild feces showed no positive infection. Totally, 199. 12 hm² out of 5 675. 58 hm² areas were identified with snails. The occurrence rate of snails was 0. 54% ~ 0. 73% for each frame, and the density of living snails was 0. 017 2 to 0. 031 3 snails / 0. 1m². No positive snails were found. Conclusion Schistosomiasis prevalence is generally and effectively controlled in Yunnan Province, for no infection was identified in population, livestock and snails in our surveillance sites. Also, the area with snail habitats remains low. Suggestions on the following measures should include enhanced monitoring of imported infection sources, establishment of quick response system for surveillance, and continued implementation of comprehensive prevention and control of the infection sources and snails.