基于未知测度理论的商场消防安全评价

为了有效防控商场火灾，提高商场的消防安全管理水平，基于火灾发生、发展及造成损失的不确定性，结合商场建筑结构特点构建了包含4 个单元、27 个评价指标的多因素评价指标体系。对不宜直接采用绝对数值的指标进行了转化，依据层次分析法和未确知测度理论建立评价模型。以大同市云冈区某商场为例进行评价，得出其消防安全等级为“较安全”级别，与实际相符，证明了该模型的有效性，并提出针对性的管理建议。可利用该模型对管辖区域内多个商场进行消防安全现状评价，为辖区内商场的消防安全管理工作提供依据和思路。

Fire safety assessment for shopping mall based on uncertainty measurement

Based on the uncertain characteristic of the fire occurrence, development and fire loss, a multi- factor evaluation system including 4 units and 27 factors was established to prevent and control fire in shopping malls, and improve the safety management. The indexes not be able to use absolute value directly were transformed. An evaluation model was established according to the analytic hierarchy process and the uncertainty measurement theory. Taking a shopping mall in Datong, Yun'gang as an example, the result showed that its safety level was "relatively safe", which was consistent with the actual situation. This indicated that the model was effective, the management recommendations were very specific. The model can be used to evaluate the fire safety of the shopping malls of the district, and provide scientific support and method for their fire safety management.