三峡船闸系统联合调试期水力学原型观测

三峡船闸金属结构及机电设备无水、有水(抽水)系统联合调试条件下，各级输水系统的原型水力学监测工作于2002年6月至2003年5月间进行。安全监测的主要项目包括闸室输水特性、阀门区段输水特性、门楣通气、闸室空化特性、阀门段空化特性、阀门及人字门启闭特性、阀门与人字门门体动力特性，监测内容多达20项。抽水调试期中间级闸首工作水头分别达到了30m、40m、46m和设计工况的45．2m，初始淹没水深达到了26m的设计条件，并进行了双边输水和单边输水、现地控制和集中控制等操作运行条件的比较。本次监测成果系统性及完整性较好，不仅为各级闸阀启闭控制系统的调试提供了可参比数据，也为船闸的验收、鉴定、运行管理提供了科学依据，保证了三峡围堰期蓄水发电和五级船闸试通航目标的实现，对国内外开展高水头船闸的设计和运行亦有十分重要的参考价值。

Prototype hydraulic observation of shiplock during joint trial operation

The prototype hydraulic observation of all water conveying systems was conducted during the period between June 2002 and May 2003, under conditions of the joint trial operation of all metal structures and electromechanical equipment for the Three Gorges shiplock with water (pumped) and without water. The major safety monitoring i-tems, up to 20, included water conveyance characteristics of chamber and valve sections, aeration of lintels, cavitation characteristics of chambers and valve sections, hoisting features of valves and miter gates and dynamic characteristics of main bodies of valves and miter gates. During the trial operation with water, the working head at the middle lock heads was up to 30 m, 40 m and 46 m, including 45. 2 m of design head, respectively, and the initial submergence depth up to 26 m of design value. Comparisons were made between operation conditions with water conveying from two-way or single way as well as local control or centralized control. The observation results, with good systematicness and integrity, provide comparable data for test and regulation of hoisting control systems of gates and valves, form scientific foundation for acceptance, appraisal, operation management, offer a guarantee for realization of reservoir impoundment, power generation and navigation of five-step shiplock by the third phase cofferdam, and have significant value for future design and operation of high-head shiplocks at home and abroad.