预防和治疗高原病药物临床用药参考

本文针对乙酰唑胺、地塞米松、硝苯地平、西地那非和沙美特罗5种药物,在治疗急性高原病、高原脑水肿、高原肺水肿及伴随其他疾病情况下的高原病,就如何选择和使用这些药物进行综述。讨论了正常的给药剂量,当病人患有肾功能不全、肝功能不全、其他疾病以及存在药物相互作用情况下,就如何选择用药和剂量调整进行阐述。通过对上述问题的充分考虑,医生在救治病人时可以提高合理用药水平和治疗成功率,使病人安全愉快地在高原旅行。

Clinical pharmacology in the prophylaxis and treatment of high-altitude illness

The use choice of acetazolamide, dexamethasone, nifedipine, sildenafil, and salmeterol in the management of altitude illness such as acute mountain sickness, high-altitude cerebral edema, high-altitude pulmonary edema, and with underlying medical problems were reviewed. The indications and dosing recommendations for individuals without underlying disease were discussed, and drug selection or dosing regimens were considered which would be affected by the presence of renal insufficiency, hepatic insufficiency, other important medical conditions, and the potential for drug interactions. These issues should be taken adequate consideration; so clinicians could increase the chances that properly healed patients with underlying medical conditions who could enjoy a safe trip to high altitude.