挖掘机工作装置负载口独立控制系统节能特性研究

传统的挖掘机负载敏感系统利用1根阀芯同时控制着液压执行器的进、出口油路,在实现运动控制的过程中,造成了多余的节流损失,使得系统能耗大、效率低,为此,结合负载口独立控制技术,采用了5个二位二通比例阀作为主控制阀,设计了挖掘机工作装置负载口独立控制系统,利用机械动力学分析软件ADAMS建立了挖掘机工作装置的动力学模型,利用液压系统仿真软件AMESim分别建立了负载敏感系统仿真模型和负载口独立控制系统仿真模型,分别对两种系统在平整土地作业工况进行了联合仿真分析。仿真结果表明:挖掘机的动臂缸、斗杆缸、铲斗缸在两种系统中均能很好地完成指定运动轨迹,而且相较于负载敏感系统,负载口独立控制系统的节能效率明显提高,平均节能效率可达到14.47%。

Energy Saving Characteristics of Independent Metering Control System of Excavator Working Equipment

The traditional excavator load sensing system uses a single spool to control the inlet and outlet oil ways of the hydraulic actuator simultaneously. In the process of accomplishing motion control, redundant throttling losses are caused, so it results in high energy consumption and low efficiency. Combined with the independent metering control technology, the excavator working equipment independent metering control system which is adopted five 2/2 valves as the main control valves is designed. The dynamic model of excavator working equipment is established by using the mechanical dynamics analysis software ADAMS. The load sensing system simulation model and the independent metering control system model are established by using the hydraulic system simulation software AMESim respectively. Then the co-simulations of two sets of simulation models are carried out with the leveling land working condition. Simulation results show that the boom cylinder, arm cylinder and bucket cylinder of the excavator can complete the specified trajectory in both systems, and compared with the load sensing system, the energy-saving efficiency of the independent control system significantly improved, the average energy-saving efficiency can reach 14.47%.