疫情防控常态化期间研究生社交焦虑及相关因素

  目的  了解研究生群体在新冠肺炎疫情防控常态化期间社交焦虑状况及其相关影响因素, 为研究生群体健康促进提供参考借鉴。  方法  采用方便抽样方法对江苏省5所高校研究生进行在线问卷调查, 采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、疏离感量表(GAS)、社交焦虑量表(IAS)以及自编基本信息与居家生活状况调查表进行评估调查。  结果  疫情防控常态化期间, 研究生自我效能感、疏离感、社交焦虑得分分别为(2.58±0.50)(30.68±6.22)(47.55±8.77)分, 社交焦虑问题阳性症状检出率为43.96%;二元Logistic回归分析显示, 对手机等电子设备的依赖加重(OR=1.86, 95%CI=1.32~2.61)及较高的疏离感(中水平: OR=2.06, 95%CI=1.45~2.92;高水平: OR=5.19, 95%CI=1.00~27.00)均与社交焦虑呈正相关; 与好友交流增多(OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.47~0.90)、较高的自我效能感(中水平: OR=0.37, 95%CI=0.21~0.66;高水平: OR=0.15, 95%CI=0.08~0.30)均与社交焦虑呈负相关。  结论  疫情防控常态化期间研究生社交焦虑问题仍较为严重。获得朋辈支持、缓解个体疏离、提升自我效能感与减少对电子设备的依赖有助于改善特殊时期研究生社交焦虑问题。

Social anxiety and associated factors among graduate students under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control

  Objective  To understand social anxiety and relevant factors among graduate students under the normalization stage of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control.  Methods  Using convenience sampling method, an online questionnaire survey on graduate students from 5 universities in Jiangsu Province was conducted. Measurements used in the survey includes General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), General Alienation Scale (GAS), Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS) and self-made survey for basic information and household living conditions.  Results  The overall score of graduate students' self-efficacy was (2.58±0.50). Average score was (30.68±6.22) for alienation, and (47.55±8.77) for interaction anxiety, with detection rate of social anxiety being 43.96%. Increased dependence on smartphones and electronic devices (OR=1.86, 95%CI=1.32-2.61) and high alienation score (medium level: OR=2.06, 95%CI=1.45-2.92; high level: OR=5.19, 95%CI=1.00-27.00) were positively correlated with social anxiety. Increased communication with friends (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.47-0.90 and high self-efficacy (medium level: OR=0.37, 95%CI=0.21-0.66; high level: OR=0.15, 95%CI=0.08-0.30) were negatively correlated with social anxiety.  Conclusion  At the normalization stage of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, social anxiety of graduate students is one of the mental health issues which need further attention. Participation in peer support helps prevent social anxiety through developing self-efficacy, alleviating individual alienation, and reducing dependence on electronic devices among graduate students.