Inadequate dietary magnesium intake increases atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits |
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Authors: | Jennifer L King Rita J Miller James P Blue Jr William D O'Brien Jr John W Erdman Jr |
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Affiliation: | 1. Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA |
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Abstract: | Epidemiological studies have shown dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and serum Mg levels to be inversely correlated with the development of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that low levels of Mg would promote atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits (4 months old, n = 22) were fed an atherogenic diet containing 0.12% (−Mg), 0.27% (control), or 0.43% (+Mg) Mg for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks and were assayed for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, triglycerides (TG), C-reactive protein, serum Mg, and erythrocyte Mg. Aortas from −Mg had significantly more plaque, with an intima thickness 42% greater than control and 36% greater than +Mg. Serum cholesterol levels rose over time, and at 8 weeks, −Mg had the highest and +Mg the lowest total and non-HDL cholesterol and TG levels, although these results did not reach significance. Over time, serum Mg levels increased, and erythrocyte Mg levels decreased. C-reactive protein significantly increased in all groups at 4 and 6 weeks but returned to baseline levels by 8 weeks. This study supports the hypothesis that inadequate intake of Mg results in an increase in atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits. |
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Keywords: | Ca calcium CHD coronary heart disease CRP C-reactive protein CVD cardiovascular disease HDL high-density lipoprotein LCAT lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase LDL low-density lipoprotein LPL lipoprotein lipase Mg magnesium NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NRC National Research Council PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors RDA recommended daily allowance TG triglycerides |
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